Zhang Huixia, Xie Ping
Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:167018. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167018. Epub 2023 Sep 13.
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a typical cyanobacterial toxin, and the threat of this toxin is increasing among organisms. Despite extensive toxicological studies on MC-LR, there is no comprehensive analysis based on previously published data. Therefore, we conducted bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis to identify research hotspots and to elucidate the key mechanism of the relationship between MC-LR and genotoxicity and neurotoxicity among fish and mammals. One of the hotspots is toxic mechanisms (indicated by the frequent appearance of oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, ROS, comet assay, signalling pathway, and gene expression indicate as keywords). The density visualization shows a high frequency of "microcystin-LR" and "toxicology," and the overlay visualization emphasizes the prominence of "neurotoxicity" in recent years. These findings confirm the importance of studying MC-LR toxicity. Meta-analysis indicated that in both fish and mammals, MC-LR exposure increased ROS levels by 294 % and increased DNA damage biomarkers by 174 % but decreased neurotoxicity biomarkers by 9 %. Intergroup comparisons revealed that the exposure concentration of MC-LR was significantly correlated with genotoxicity and neurotoxicity levels in both fish and mammals (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the random forest (RF) model revealed that exposure concentration was the primary determinant associated with the induction of ROS, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity induced by MC-LR. This is likely the dominant mechanism by which excessive ROS production induced by MC-LR causes oxidative stress, ultimately leading to genotoxicity and neurotoxicity in both fish and mammals.
微囊藻毒素 - 亮氨酸 - 精氨酸（MC-LR）是一种典型的蓝藻毒素，这种毒素对生物体的威胁正在增加。尽管对MC-LR进行了广泛的毒理学研究，但尚未基于先前发表的数据进行全面分析。因此，我们进行了文献计量分析和荟萃分析，以确定研究热点，并阐明MC-LR与鱼类和哺乳动物的遗传毒性和神经毒性之间关系的关键机制。其中一个热点是毒性机制（氧化应激、DNA损伤、细胞凋亡、神经毒性、遗传毒性、活性氧、彗星试验、信号通路和基因表达等关键词频繁出现表明了这一点）。密度可视化显示“微囊藻毒素-LR”和“毒理学”出现频率较高，叠加可视化强调了近年来“神经毒性”的突出地位。这些发现证实了研究MC-LR毒性的重要性。荟萃分析表明，在鱼类和哺乳动物中，MC-LR暴露使活性氧水平增加了294%，使DNA损伤生物标志物增加了174%，但使神经毒性生物标志物减少了9%。组间比较显示，MC-LR的暴露浓度与鱼类和哺乳动物的遗传毒性和神经毒性水平均显著相关（p < 0.05）。此外，随机森林（RF）模型显示，暴露浓度是与MC-LR诱导的活性氧、遗传毒性和神经毒性相关的主要决定因素。这可能是MC-LR诱导的过量活性氧产生导致氧化应激，最终导致鱼类和哺乳动物遗传毒性和神经毒性的主要机制。
