Vaglica Alessandro, Maggio Antonella, Badalamenti Natale, Bruno Maurizio, Lauricella Marianna, D'Anneo Antonella
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, University of Palermo, Piazza Marina, 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
Fitoterapia. 2023 Oct;170:105672. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105672. Epub 2023 Sep 13.
In this study, the chemical compositions of two essential oils (EOs) obtained from different parts (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of Seseli bocconei Guss. and of Seseli tortuosum subsp. maritimum Guss., wild endemic species of Sicily, were investigated. The main classes of metabolites for the essential oils of S. bocconei were, respectively, monoterpenes hydrocarbons for flowers, sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons for leaves, and a breakdown between the two previously mentioned classes for stems. In the case of S. tortuosum subsp. maritimum, on the other hand, the main metabolite class for all the vegetative parts analyzed (flowers, stems, and roots) was monoterpene hydrocarbons, with a slight percentage in other non-terpenoid compounds. Furthermore, the EOs' antitumor effects against HCT116, human colon cancer cells were evaluated. Cell viability assays evidenced that stems' EOs of both plants exhibit strong cytotoxic effects at low concentrations, while the EOs from other vegetative parts do not show a relevant effect. In fact, EO of stems of S. tortuosum subsp. maritimum reduced the cell viability of 82% at the concentration of 125 μg/mL, while at the concentration of 250 μg/mL of stems EO of S. bocconei the 97% of cells resulted dead. The analysis of the effects exerted by the main phytocostituents (S-(-)-limonene, R-(+)-limonene, sabinene, (1S)-(-)-α-pinene, (1R)-(+)-α-pinene, and (-)-β-pinene, and germacrene D) of these EOs on colon cancer cells revealed germacrene D as a new promising molecule with anticancer properties that deserve to be explored in future directions.
在本研究中，对从西西里岛的野生特有物种博科尼邪蒿（Seseli bocconei Guss.）和滨海曲折邪蒿（Seseli tortuosum subsp. maritimum Guss.）的不同部位（花、叶、茎和根）提取的两种精油（EOs）的化学成分进行了研究。博科尼邪蒿精油的主要代谢物类别分别为：花中的单萜烃类、叶中的倍半萜烃类，以及茎中上述两类物质的混合。另一方面，对于滨海曲折邪蒿，所分析的所有营养器官部位（花、茎和根）的主要代谢物类别均为单萜烃类，其他非萜类化合物的占比则较小。此外，还评估了这些精油对人结肠癌细胞HCT116的抗肿瘤作用。细胞活力测定表明，两种植物茎部的精油在低浓度下均表现出较强的细胞毒性作用，而其他营养器官部位的精油则未显示出显著效果。事实上，滨海曲折邪蒿茎部的精油在浓度为125μg/mL时可使细胞活力降低82%，而博科尼邪蒿茎部精油在浓度为250μg/mL时可导致97%的细胞死亡。对这些精油的主要植物成分（S-(-)-柠檬烯、R-(+)-柠檬烯、桧烯、(1S)-(-)-α-蒎烯、(1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯、(-)-β-蒎烯和吉马烯D）对结肠癌细胞的作用分析表明，吉马烯D是一种具有抗癌特性的新的有前景的分子，值得在未来进一步探索。
