School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 3):126819. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126819. Epub 2023 Sep 13.
The escalating global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat, prompting concerns about its impact on public health. This predicament is exacerbated by the acute shortage of novel antimicrobial agents, a scarcity attributed to the rapid surge in bacterial resistance. This review delves into the realm of antimicrobial peptides, a diverse class of compounds ubiquitously present in plants and animals across various natural organisms. Renowned for their intrinsic antibacterial activity, these peptides provide a promising avenue to tackle the intricate challenge of bacterial resistance. However, the clinical utility of peptide-based drugs is hindered by limited bioavailability and susceptibility to rapid degradation, constraining efforts to enhance the efficacy of bacterial infection treatments. The emergence of nanocarriers marks a transformative approach poised to revolutionize peptide delivery strategies. This review elucidates a promising framework involving nanocarriers within the realm of antimicrobial peptides. This paradigm enables meticulous and controlled peptide release at infection sites by detecting dynamic shifts in microenvironmental factors, including pH, ROS, GSH, and reactive enzymes. Furthermore, a glimpse into the future reveals the potential of targeted delivery mechanisms, harnessing inflammatory responses and intricate signaling pathways, including adenosine triphosphate, macrophage receptors, and pathogenic nucleic acid entities. This approach holds promise in fortifying immunity, thereby amplifying the potency of peptide-based treatments. In summary, this review spotlights peptide nanosystems as prospective solutions for combating bacterial infections. By bridging antimicrobial peptides with advanced nanomedicine, a new therapeutic era emerges, poised to confront the formidable challenge of antimicrobial resistance head-on.
抗菌药物耐药性在全球不断加剧，对公共卫生构成严重威胁。新型抗菌药物的严重短缺加剧了这一困境，而细菌耐药性的迅速增加是导致这种短缺的原因。本综述深入探讨了抗菌肽的领域，抗菌肽是一类广泛存在于各种天然生物体内的植物和动物中的化合物。这些肽以其固有的抗菌活性而闻名，为解决细菌耐药性这一复杂问题提供了有希望的途径。然而，基于肽的药物的临床应用受到生物利用度有限和易快速降解的限制，限制了提高细菌感染治疗效果的努力。纳米载体的出现标志着一种变革性的方法，有望彻底改变肽递药策略。本综述阐明了一个有前途的框架，涉及抗菌肽中的纳米载体。该范例通过检测微环境因素（包括 pH 值、ROS、GSH 和反应性酶）的动态变化，在感染部位实现了对肽的精细和控制释放。此外，对未来的展望揭示了靶向递药机制的潜力，利用炎症反应和复杂的信号通路，包括三磷酸腺苷、巨噬细胞受体和致病核酸实体。这种方法有望增强免疫，从而增强基于肽的治疗的效力。总之，本综述强调了肽纳米系统作为对抗细菌感染的有前途的解决方案。通过将抗菌肽与先进的纳米医学相结合，一个新的治疗时代出现了，有望直面抗菌药物耐药性这一巨大挑战。
