Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Vision Health Center & Shanghai Children Myopia Institute, Shanghai, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2024 Jun 20;108(7):1024-1029. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2023-323468.
This research aims to generate normative values of hyperopia reserve and refractive progression as effective tools to estimate the risk of myopia.
A 1-year follow-up study was conducted among Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-16 years selected from schools and kinder gardens using cluster sampling. All participants underwent examinations including visual acuity, axial length and cycloplegic autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate). Percentiles of spherical equivalent (SE) were calculated using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method. Age-specific refractive progression and hyperopia reserve were determined by backward calculation.
Of 3118 participants, 1702 (54.6%) were boys with a mean baseline age of 7.30 years. The 50th percentile of SE estimated by LMS decreased from 1.04 D at 3 years to -2.04 D at 16 years in boys, while from 1.29 D to -2.81 D in girls. The 1-year refractive progression of myopes (0.81 D) was greater than that of non-myopes (0.51 D). The normative value of hyperopia reserve was 2.64 (range: 2.40 D-2.88 D) at 3 years and -0.35 (range: -0.50 to -0.17) D at 16 years, with the maximum progression of 0.35 D at the age of 6 years.
Age-specific normative values of hyperopia reserve and yearly myopic shift in children and adolescents aged 3-16 years were provided, helping identify and monitor myopia and giving prevention in advance.
本研究旨在生成远视储备和屈光进展的正常值，作为评估近视风险的有效工具。
采用整群抽样方法，对来自学校和幼儿园的 3-16 岁中国儿童和青少年进行为期 1 年的随访研究。所有参与者均接受视力、眼轴和睫状肌麻痹自动验光（1%环戊通）检查。采用 Lambda-Mu-Sigma（LMS）法计算等效球镜（SE）的百分位数。通过反向计算确定年龄特异性屈光进展和远视储备。
在 3118 名参与者中，1702 名（54.6%）为男孩，平均基线年龄为 7.30 岁。LMS 估计的 SE 第 50 百分位数从男孩 3 岁时的 1.04 D 下降到 16 岁时的-2.04 D，而女孩从 1.29 D 下降到-2.81 D。近视者（0.81 D）的 1 年屈光进展大于非近视者（0.51 D）。远视储备的正常值为 3 岁时 2.64（范围：2.40 D-2.88 D），16 岁时-0.35（范围：-0.50 至-0.17）D，最大进展为 6 岁时 0.35 D。
提供了 3-16 岁儿童和青少年年龄特异性远视储备和每年近视进展的正常值，有助于识别和监测近视，并提前进行预防。
