Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc / Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Geriatr. 2023 Sep 14;23(1):560. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04270-w.
Although family photos are often used in the psychosocial care for people with dementia, little is known about the use and effectiveness of generic photos. This systematic literature review explored psychosocial interventions using generic photos for people with dementia, and the effects they have on their social interaction and/or mood and/or quality of life. In addition, it was investigated whether these interventions made use of technology in its implementation.
A systematic search on the following databases was performed: PubMed, Embase, APA PsychInfo, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Central. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were based on the PICO model (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome), and quality assessment was undertaken using the Weight of Evidence Framework. Narrative synthesis was undertaken to summarize study characteristics- settings and designs, type of psychosocial interventions identified, type of photos and technology used, outcome measures, and results.
A total of 2,035 results were found, however after title, abstract and full-text screening, a total of 8 studies were included. The most common psychosocial intervention using generic photos was found to be reminiscence therapy, followed by art-viewing activities. In studies that used technology, it was reported that viewing digitalized photos were either similar or better to conventional printed photos. Despite photos being generic, it was found that generic photos could still hold personal significance to the person with dementia. Some positive and significant effects were found for the outcomes social interaction, mood and quality of life, though no study evaluated all three outcomes. Two studies were rated as having high overall quality, 4 were rated as fair, and 2 studies had a low quality assessment rating.
Studies found using generic photos were limited, showing varying outcomes and methodological quality. Firm conclusions on the effectiveness of interventions using generic photos are not possible. However, the use of generic photos in psychosocial interventions is a promising area for future research. Researchers should consider studies with better methodological quality and larger samples; and qualitative studies where the intention is to get better insight into successful implementation and impact mechanisms of such psychosocial interventions.
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尽管家庭照片经常被用于痴呆症患者的社会心理护理，但对于通用照片的使用和效果知之甚少。本系统文献综述探讨了使用通用照片对痴呆症患者进行的社会心理干预及其对其社交互动和/或情绪和/或生活质量的影响。此外，还研究了这些干预措施在实施过程中是否利用了技术。
对以下数据库进行了系统检索：PubMed、Embase、APA PsychInfo、Cinahl、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Cochrane Central。纳入和排除标准基于 PICO 模型（人群、干预、比较、结局），并使用证据权重框架进行质量评估。采用叙述性综合方法总结研究特征-设置和设计、确定的社会心理干预类型、使用的照片和技术类型、结局测量和结果。
共发现 2035 项结果，但经过标题、摘要和全文筛选后，共纳入 8 项研究。使用通用照片最常见的社会心理干预方法是怀旧疗法，其次是艺术观赏活动。在使用技术的研究中，报告称数字化照片与传统印刷照片相似或更好。尽管照片是通用的，但发现通用照片对痴呆症患者仍具有个人意义。一些研究发现社交互动、情绪和生活质量的结果具有积极意义，尽管没有研究评估所有三个结局。有两项研究被评为总体质量高，四项研究被评为中等，两项研究的质量评估评分较低。
使用通用照片的研究有限，结果和方法学质量各不相同。因此，不能对使用通用照片的干预措施的有效性做出确切结论。然而，在社会心理干预中使用通用照片是未来研究的一个有前途的领域。研究人员应考虑采用方法学质量更好、样本量更大的研究；以及旨在更好地了解此类社会心理干预的成功实施和影响机制的定性研究。
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