Graduate Program in Speech Language Pathology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
Division of Speech pathology and Audiology, Research Institute of Audiology and Speech Pathology, Hallym University, Life Science Hall # 8606, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
Infant Behav Dev. 2023 Nov;73:101886. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101886. Epub 2023 Sep 15.
Parental communication styles and language usage may undergo changes during the course of child development, exhibiting variations across language backgrounds and cultures. This study aimed to explore how infant-parent interactions within Korean-speaking environments evolve over time through meticulous coding of day-long home audio recordings. The study examined whether the ratio and types of parental verbal responses vary based on infants' age and vocalization types. A total of 16 infants and their parents participated in all-day home recordings using the Language Environment Analysis (LENA) system. The recordings were conducted in two rounds per family when the infants were aged 9-11 months and 12-14 months, with a three-month gap between each round. The frequency and types of infant vocalizations were analyzed and the contingency and types of parental verbal responsiveness were determined based on semantic and phonetic connection, as well as temporal appropriateness. The results showed that parents did not verbally respond to approximately 50 % of the infant vocalizations in the natural home environment. However, parents' lack of verbal responses decreased significantly, and their contingent responses increased significantly with infant age. Parents were also not selectively responsive to infants' canonical vocalizations over non-canonical vocalizations. Nevertheless, parents demonstrated a higher frequency of responses that were not only linguistically meaningful but also socially appropriate and contextually relevant to infants' vocalizations as infants developed, which may play a significant role in scaffolding speech and language development.
父母的沟通风格和语言使用方式可能会随着孩子的成长而发生变化，在不同的语言背景和文化中也会有所不同。本研究旨在通过对全天家庭录音的细致编码，探讨韩语环境中婴儿与父母的互动是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。研究考察了父母的口头反应的比例和类型是否会根据婴儿的年龄和发声类型而有所不同。共有 16 名婴儿及其父母参与了全天家庭录音，使用了语言环境分析（LENA）系统。每个家庭在婴儿 9-11 个月和 12-14 个月时进行两轮全天录音，两轮之间间隔三个月。分析了婴儿发声的频率和类型，并根据语义和语音联系以及时间适宜性确定了父母言语反应的连贯性和类型。结果表明，在自然的家庭环境中，父母不会对大约 50%的婴儿发声进行言语回应。然而，随着婴儿年龄的增长，父母的无言语回应明显减少，而他们的伴随性回应明显增加。父母也不会对婴儿的规范发声比对非规范发声更有选择性地做出回应。尽管如此，随着婴儿的发育，父母对婴儿发声做出的反应不仅在语言上有意义，而且在社会上也是合适的，并且与婴儿的发声在语境上相关，这可能对支架言语和语言发展起到重要作用。
