Coulombe P A, Lortie S, Côte M G, Chevalier G
J Appl Toxicol. 1986 Oct;6(5):317-23. doi: 10.1002/jat.2550060504.
The pulmonary toxicity of the organophosphorus insecticide fenitrothion was evaluated following a single exposure of rats to the field formulation, at the site of an aerial spraying. Four groups of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats (including a control), set in wood enclosures, were placed under the aerial lines of the spraying aircraft. The degree of exposure was monitored at the ground level by air sampling and visual evidence of droplet activity deposition. Plasma pseudocholinesterase activity and pulmonary alveoli ultrastructure were used as indices to the fenitrothion exposure. Rat lungs were examined under light and electron microscopy at days 3, 7, 21, 60 and 180 after the exposure. Although a few signs of toxic lung injury were observed at days 3 and 7 there was no cholinergic crisis nor an effect on the pseudocholinesterase activity within 12 h in the exposed animals, when compared with controls. The alveolar toxic reaction was limited to small and discrete foci, and was entirely reversible within a period of 2 months. On a morphological basis it is thus concluded that a single field exposure to fenitrothion did not induce any permanent change in the alveolar area of the rat lung.
在大鼠单次接触田间制剂速灭磷后，于空中喷洒作业现场评估了速灭磷这种有机磷杀虫剂的肺毒性。将四组每组40只的斯普拉格-道利大鼠（包括一组对照）置于木制围栏中，放置在喷洒飞机的航线下方。通过空气采样和液滴活性沉积的视觉证据在地面监测暴露程度。血浆假性胆碱酯酶活性和肺泡超微结构用作速灭磷暴露的指标。在暴露后第3天、第7天、第21天、第60天和第180天，对大鼠肺进行光镜和电镜检查。尽管在第3天和第7天观察到了一些中毒性肺损伤的迹象，但与对照组相比，暴露动物在12小时内未出现胆碱能危象，也未对假性胆碱酯酶活性产生影响。肺泡毒性反应局限于小而离散的病灶，并且在2个月内完全可逆。因此，基于形态学得出结论，大鼠单次在田间接触速灭磷并未在大鼠肺的肺泡区域引起任何永久性变化。
