Chandra Nabanita, Smitha Moonjelly Vijayan
Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, College of Nursing, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2023 Sep 6;20:100238. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2023.100238. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Though becoming a mother is a joyous experience, the postpartum time can be difficult and stressful for women as they deal with significant physical alterations and adjustments to their daily routines. However, very few studies have focused on the functional well-being of the woman after childbirth. This study aims to find the level of functional status, social support, and anxiety among women attending immunization clinics.
A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted to recruit 220 women in this study from two immunization clinic centers in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Data were collected using a self-reported sociodemographic profile, functional level scale after childbirth, modified multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and postnatal anxiety scale. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used for data analysis, including mean, percentage, and Fisher exact.
59.5 % of women returned to a moderate level of functional status after six weeks postpartum. The majority of women, 98.6 % and 83.6 %, reported high levels of return to personal care and baby care, respectively, whereas 34.7 % had moderate levels of return to home activities and 90 % had low levels of return to community and social tasks. Also, 70 % of women had high perceived social support, and 87.7 % had no anxiety. In this study, normal delivery women had better functional status than their cesarean delivery counterparts. Moreover, functional status was significantly associated with anxiety at six postpartum weeks.
After six weeks of childbirth, most women only partially resumed their pre-pregnancy functional state. So, much more time, rest, and support from family members were needed to recover to a fully functional level. Nurses, midwives, and the family members of women should be aware of the critical role that social support plays in enhancing a woman's functional and psychological status during the postpartum period.
尽管成为母亲是一件令人愉悦的事，但产后时期对女性来说可能很艰难且压力重重，因为她们要应对身体上的巨大变化以及日常生活的调整。然而，很少有研究关注女性产后的功能幸福感。本研究旨在了解在免疫接种诊所就诊的女性的功能状态、社会支持和焦虑水平。
本研究采用描述性横断面研究设计，从奥里萨邦布巴内斯瓦尔的两个免疫接种诊所中心招募了220名女性。通过自我报告的社会人口学资料、产后功能水平量表、改良的多维感知社会支持量表和产后焦虑量表收集数据。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计检验，包括均值、百分比和Fisher精确检验。
59.5%的女性在产后六周恢复到中等功能状态水平。大多数女性，分别有98.6%和83.6%报告在个人护理和婴儿护理方面恢复程度较高，而34.7%的女性在家庭活动方面恢复程度中等，90%的女性在社区和社交任务方面恢复程度较低。此外，70%的女性感知到较高的社会支持，87.7%的女性没有焦虑情绪。在本研究中，顺产女性的功能状态优于剖宫产女性。此外，产后六周时功能状态与焦虑显著相关。
分娩六周后，大多数女性仅部分恢复到孕前功能状态。因此，需要更多时间、休息以及家人的支持才能完全恢复到功能正常水平。护士、助产士和女性的家庭成员应意识到社会支持在提高女性产后功能和心理状态方面所起的关键作用。
