Effects of inertia on conformation and dynamics of tangentially driven active filaments.

Active filamentlike systems propelling along their backbone exist across scales ranging from motor-driven biofilaments to worms and robotic chains. In macroscopic active filaments such as a chain of robots, in contrast to their microscopic counterparts, inertial effects on their motion cannot be ignored. Nonetheless, the consequences of the interplay between inertia and flexibility on the shape and dynamics of active filaments remain unexplored. Here we examine inertial effects on a flexible tangentially driven active polymer model pertinent to the above examples and we determine the conditions under which inertia becomes important. Performing Langevin dynamics simulations of active polymers with underdamped and overdamped dynamics for a wide range of contour lengths and activities, we uncover striking inertial effects on conformation and dynamics for high levels of activities. Inertial collisions increase the persistence length of active polymers and remarkably alter their scaling behavior. In stark contrast to passive polymers, inertia leaves its fingerprint at long times by an enhanced diffusion of the center of mass. We rationalize inertia-induced enhanced dynamics by analytical calculations of center-of-mass velocity correlations, applicable to any active polymer model, which reveal significant contributions from active force fluctuations convoluted by inertial relaxation.