Rothstein M A
J Occup Med. 1986 Oct;28(10):924-9. doi: 10.1097/00043764-198610000-00007.
Presently, there are few legal restrictions on the use of medical screening of workers. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) requires that certain medical tests be performed when workers will be exposed to specific toxic substances. The OSH Act does not, however, prohibit the use of any medical screening measure nor does it indicate what actions an employer may or may not take as a result of such information. (A notable exception is the medical removal provision of the Lead Standard). This paper discusses that protection afforded under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This paper will demonstrate that the law has, in general, failed to take into account the discriminatory aspects of medical screening.
目前，对工人进行医疗筛查的使用几乎没有法律限制。《职业安全与健康法》（OSH Act）要求，当工人将接触特定有毒物质时，需进行某些医学检查。然而，《职业安全与健康法》并未禁止使用任何医疗筛查措施，也未表明雇主基于此类信息可以或不可以采取哪些行动。（一个显著的例外是铅标准中的医疗离岗规定）。本文讨论了1964年《民权法案》第七章、《就业年龄歧视法》和1973年《康复法》所提供的保护。本文将表明，总体而言，法律未能考虑到医疗筛查中的歧视性方面。
