巴西马拉尼昂州 2011-2020 年 2 级残疾麻风新发病例的临床流行病学特征和时间趋势
Clinical-epidemiological characteristics and temporal trend of new cases of grade 2 disability leprosy in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, 2011- 2020.
机构信息
Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Tecnologia, Imperatriz, MA, Brazil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2023 Sep 18;32(2):e2022435. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000200026. eCollection 2023.
MAIN RESULTS
Out of 2,147 grade 2 disability leprosy cases, the majority were male, of mixed race/skin color, multibacillary and borderline. The São Luís regional health unit showed a falling trend.
IMPLICATIONS FOR SERVICES
The results can guide strategies for the leprosy control program in the state, aiming at new approaches towards early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disabilities.
PERSPECTIVES
Further studies are needed, such as spatial distribution of cases and detection rates of leprosy in children under 15 years of age, in order to gain a better understanding of the epidemiological profile of leprosy in Maranhão.
OBJECTIVE
to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of new cases of grade 2 disability leprosy and to analyze its trend in the state of Maranhão, from 2011 to 2020.
METHODS
this was a descriptive cross-sectional and ecological time-series study, using data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. A descriptive analysis of the event was carried out according to the sociodemographic and clinical-laboratory characteristics of the cases. The temporal trend of event incidence was analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression.
RESULTS
of the 2,147 cases, 71.5% were male, 48.9% had up to 8 years of schooling, 66.5% were of mixed race/color, 95.5% had the multibacillary form, 58.8% were borderline, 32.3% had negative bacilloscopy at diagnosis. There was a stationary trend in the state and a falling trend in the São Luís Health Region (annual percentage change = -64.4%; 95% confidence interval: -73.7;-51.9).
CONCLUSION
incidence trend was stable in the state of Maranhão and falling in São Luís.
主要结果
在 2147 例 2 级残疾麻风病例中，大多数为男性，混血/肤色，多菌型和边界型。圣路易斯地区卫生部门呈下降趋势。
对服务的影响
结果可以为该州的麻风控制计划提供指导策略，旨在针对早期诊断、治疗和预防残疾制定新方法。
展望
需要进一步研究，如病例的空间分布和 15 岁以下儿童的麻风病检出率，以便更好地了解马腊尼昂州麻风病的流行病学特征。
目的
描述马腊尼昂州新发生的 2 级残疾麻风病例的临床和流行病学特征，并分析其趋势。
方法
这是一项描述性的横断面和生态时间序列研究，使用了法定传染病报告系统的数据。根据病例的社会人口学和临床实验室特征对事件进行描述性分析。使用 Prais-Winsten 回归分析事件发生率的时间趋势。
结果
在 2147 例病例中，71.5%为男性，48.9%受教育程度不超过 8 年，66.5%为混血/肤色，95.5%为多菌型，58.8%为边界型，32.3%在诊断时细菌学检查阴性。该州呈稳定趋势，圣路易斯地区呈下降趋势（年变化百分比=-64.4%；95%置信区间：-73.7；-51.9）。
结论
马腊尼昂州的发病率趋势稳定，圣路易斯地区呈下降趋势。
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