Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 4):126971. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126971. Epub 2023 Sep 18.
To date, the utilization of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) fibers are only restricted to weak mechanical application such as wound dressing. Physically, CMC has a weak mechanical strength due to the high hydrophilicity trait. However, this flaw was saved by the extensive number of reactive functional groups, allowing this macromolecule to form linkages with chitosan to ensure its versatility. This work successfully fabricated CMC-chitosan fiber via dissolution, crosslinking, dry-jet wet-spinning extrusion, and coagulation processes. Chitosan was constituted with CMC fiber in two approaches, coating, and inclusion at various concentrations. Morphologically, chitosan incorporation has triggered agglomerations and roughness toward CMC fibers (CMCF). Chemically, the interaction between CMC and chitosan was proved through FTIR analysis at peaks 1245 cm (ECH covalent crosslinking), while 3340 cm and 1586 cm were due to ionic and hydrogen bonding. The result from analysis showed that at higher chitosan concentrations, the chitosan-included CMC fiber (CMCF-I) and chitosan-coated CMC fiber (CMFC) were mechanically enhanced (up to 86.77 and 82.72 MPa), thermally more stable (33 % residual mass), and less hydrophilic compared to the plain CMCF. The properties of CMC-chitosan fibers have opened up vast possible applications, especially as a reinforcement in a watery medium such as a hydrogel.
迄今为止，羧甲基纤维素 (CMC) 纤维的应用仅限于伤口敷料等较弱的机械应用。从物理上讲，由于高亲水性，CMC 的机械强度较弱。然而，由于大量的反应性官能团，这一缺陷得到了弥补，使这种大分子能够与壳聚糖形成键合，从而确保其多功能性。本工作通过溶解、交联、干湿纺挤出和凝固过程成功制备了 CMC-壳聚糖纤维。壳聚糖通过两种方法与 CMC 纤维结合，即涂层和包含不同浓度的纤维。从形态上看，壳聚糖的加入引发了 CMC 纤维 (CMCF) 的团聚和粗糙度。从化学角度来看，通过 FTIR 分析在 1245 cm 处的峰证明了 CMC 和壳聚糖之间的相互作用 (ECH 共价交联)，而 3340 cm 和 1586 cm 则归因于离子和氢键。分析结果表明，在较高的壳聚糖浓度下，壳聚糖包埋的 CMC 纤维 (CMCF-I) 和壳聚糖涂覆的 CMC 纤维 (CMFC) 的机械性能得到了增强(高达 86.77 和 82.72 MPa)，热稳定性更高(残余质量 33%)，亲水性比普通 CMCF 低。CMC-壳聚糖纤维的性能为其开辟了广阔的应用前景，特别是作为水凝胶等含水介质中的增强材料。
