Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
J Virol. 2023 Oct 31;97(10):e0105123. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01051-23. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
For many years, measles virus (MeV) was assumed to first enter the host via the apical surface of airway epithelial cells and subsequently spread systemically. We and others reported that MeV has an overwhelming preference for entry at the basolateral surface of airway epithelial cells, which led to a fundamental new understanding of how MeV enters a human host. This unexpected observation using well-differentiated primary cultures of airway epithelia from human donors contradicted previous studies using immortalized cultured cells. Here, we show that appropriate differentiation and cell morphology of primary human airway epithelial cells are critical to recapitulate MeV infection patterns and pathogenesis of the airways. By simply culturing primary cells in media containing serum or passaging primary cultures, erroneous results quickly emerge. These results have broad implications for data interpretation related to respiratory virus infection, spread, and release from human airway epithelial cells.
多年来，人们一直认为麻疹病毒（MeV）首先通过气道上皮细胞的顶端表面进入宿主，然后再全身扩散。我和其他人报告称，MeV 进入气道上皮细胞的基底外侧表面具有压倒性的偏好，这导致了对 MeV 进入人体宿主的方式的全新认识。使用来自人类供体的分化良好的气道上皮原代培养物进行的这一意外观察结果与之前使用永生化培养细胞的研究结果相矛盾。在这里，我们表明，原代人呼吸道上皮细胞的适当分化和细胞形态对于重现 MeV 感染模式和呼吸道发病机制至关重要。通过简单地在含有血清的培养基中培养原代细胞或传代原代培养物，错误的结果很快就会出现。这些结果对与呼吸道病毒感染、传播和从人呼吸道上皮细胞释放相关的数据解释具有广泛的影响。
