Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Avda Portugal 83, Salamanca 37001, Spain; School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain.
Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Avda Portugal 83, Salamanca 37001, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2022 Nov;317:114915. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114915. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the main coping strategies used by frontline teams during the first days of the COVID pandemic confinement in Spain. This information could be necessary in order to carry out training programs that allow a better handling of future emergency situations, as well as acting more effectively and with less negative emotional impact. A questionnaire was used to identify different psychological profiles for coping, and in turn, other relevant variables were analyzed. The most used strategies by health professionals were problem solving, desiderative thinking and social support. Emotional expression and social support were used more by women. Significantly different behaviors were found in desiderative thinking (lower in people of 35-50 years old, and social support, higher in people 35 years old). The symptoms most commonly experienced by medical personnel were: sleep disorders, anxiety, tension, depressive symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms and general somatic muscular symptoms. A relationship could be determined between the age/gender of the workers and the participants' overall assessment of their ability to cope with the COVID-19 stress situation they had experienced (men 50 years old and women between 35 and 50 years old, who felt able or very able to cope with the stress caused by the health emergency. However, women <35 years old and >50 years old believed they were able to cope poorly with the circumstances. The advantage of specific training plans in order to help with some stress symptoms could be suggested, aimed at the acquisition of tools based on problem solving, and emotional management in stressful and emergency situations.
本文旨在分析西班牙 COVID 大流行禁闭的最初几天，一线团队使用的主要应对策略。这些信息对于开展培训计划可能是必要的，这些计划可以让他们更好地应对未来的紧急情况，更有效地行动，减少负面情绪的影响。本文使用问卷来确定应对的不同心理特征，同时分析了其他相关变量。卫生专业人员最常使用的策略是解决问题、愿望思维和社会支持。情绪表达和社会支持在女性中使用得更多。在愿望思维方面发现了显著不同的行为（35-50 岁的人较低，35 岁的人社会支持较高）。医务人员最常经历的症状是：睡眠障碍、焦虑、紧张、抑郁症状、胃肠道症状和全身肌肉骨骼症状。可以确定工人的年龄/性别与参与者对自己应对所经历的 COVID-19 压力情况的整体评估之间存在关系（50 岁的男性和 35-50 岁的女性认为自己有能力或非常有能力应对卫生紧急情况造成的压力。然而，<35 岁和>50 岁的女性认为自己应对这种情况的能力较差。可以建议制定特定的培训计划来帮助应对一些压力症状，目的是获得基于解决问题和情绪管理的工具，以应对压力和紧急情况。
