Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2024 Mar;105(3):514-524. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.09.006. Epub 2023 Sep 20.
To identify the trends of wheelchair use and physical characteristics among older people who used wheelchairs relative to those who did not.
Cohort and survey.
General community.
7026 participants (N=7026) were selected from the 2011 cohort of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), which is made up of Medicare beneficiaries over the age of 65. Repeated observations among participants in the 2011 cohort were analyzed in the 4 following rounds: 2013 (N=4454), 2015 (N=3327), 2017 (N=2623), and 2019 (N=2091). Participants were divided into 2 groups: those who used and did not use wheelchairs.
Not applicable.
Physical characteristics, including pain, strength limitation, balance problems, mobility disability, as well as the frequency of going outside.
The number of older adults who use wheelchairs had increased significantly from 4.7 per 100 people in 2011 to 7.1 in 2019 (P<.001). The logistic regression analysis indicated that participants who reported less frequently going out were at least 4.27 times more likely to be wheelchair users than non-wheelchair users (P<.01). Participants who reported health and physical problems were at least 2.48 times more likely to be wheelchair users than non-wheelchair users from 2011 to 2017 (P<.0001). Balance or coordination problems increased (24%-38%) significantly among non-wheelchair users from 2011 to 2019 (all P<.05).
Current wheelchair users reported more physical difficulties and were much less likely to go outside. This lower outdoor mobility could be due to physical difficulties or potential barriers in physical and socio-cultural environments. In addition, older adults who do not use wheelchairs showed increasing physical problems over time (including balance or coordination problems). Clinicians should consider older wheelchair users' health and physical limitations when prescribing wheelchairs.
确定使用轮椅的老年人与未使用轮椅的老年人在轮椅使用趋势和身体特征方面的差异。
队列研究和调查。
一般社区。
从国家健康老龄化趋势研究（NHATS）2011 年队列中选择了 7026 名参与者（N=7026），该研究由 65 岁以上的医疗保险受益人组成。对 2011 年队列中参与者的重复观察在以下 4 个后续轮次中进行分析：2013 年（N=4454）、2015 年（N=3327）、2017 年（N=2623）和 2019 年（N=2091）。参与者分为两组：使用轮椅和不使用轮椅的组。
无。
身体特征，包括疼痛、力量受限、平衡问题、移动障碍以及外出频率。
使用轮椅的老年人数量从 2011 年的每 100 人 4.7 人显著增加到 2019 年的每 100 人 7.1 人（P<.001）。逻辑回归分析表明，外出频率较低的参与者成为轮椅使用者的可能性至少是不使用轮椅者的 4.27 倍（P<.01）。从 2011 年到 2017 年，报告有健康和身体问题的参与者成为轮椅使用者的可能性至少是不使用轮椅者的 2.48 倍（P<.0001）。从 2011 年到 2019 年，不使用轮椅的参与者的平衡或协调问题显著增加（24%-38%）（均 P<.05）。
目前的轮椅使用者报告有更多的身体困难，外出的可能性要小得多。这种较低的户外活动能力可能是由于身体困难或身体和社会文化环境中的潜在障碍造成的。此外，不使用轮椅的老年人随着时间的推移表现出越来越多的身体问题（包括平衡或协调问题）。临床医生在为轮椅使用者开处方时应考虑到他们的健康和身体限制。
