Cooper Emily R, Li Ming, Gentle Ian, Xia Qingbing, Knibbe Ruth
School of Mining and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Queensland <postCode4067, Brisbane, Australia.
Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, 4000, Brisbane, Australia.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Dec 18;62(51):e202309247. doi: 10.1002/anie.202309247. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Lithium and sodium metal batteries continue to occupy the forefront of battery research. Their exceptionally high energy density and nominal voltages are highly attractive for cutting-edge energy storage applications. Anode-free metal batteries are also coming into the research spotlight offering improved safety and even higher energy densities than conventional metal batteries. However, uneven metal nucleation and growth which leads to dendrites continues to limit the commercialisation of conventional and anode-free metal batteries alike. This review connects models and theories from well-established fields in metallurgy and electrodeposition to both conventional and anode-free metal batteries. These highly applicable models and theories explain the driving forces of uneven metal growth and can inform future experiment design. Finally, the models and theories that are most relevant to each anode-related cell component are identified. Keeping these specific models and theories in mind will assist with rational design for these components.
锂金属电池和钠金属电池一直占据着电池研究的前沿。它们极高的能量密度和标称电压对前沿储能应用极具吸引力。无阳极金属电池也正成为研究热点，其安全性优于传统金属电池，能量密度甚至更高。然而，导致枝晶形成的不均匀金属成核和生长现象仍然限制着传统和无阳极金属电池的商业化。本综述将冶金学和电沉积等成熟领域的模型与理论与传统和无阳极金属电池联系起来。这些高度适用的模型和理论解释了金属不均匀生长的驱动力，并可为未来的实验设计提供参考。最后，确定了与每个阳极相关电池组件最相关的模型和理论。牢记这些特定的模型和理论将有助于对这些组件进行合理设计。
