Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 21;13(1):15758. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42967-5.
Pain problems are common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but few studies have thoroughly evaluated pain in these patients. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of pain in moderate-to-severe OSA patients and the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Moderate-to-severe OSA patients and healthy controls (HC) completed the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and a portion of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Short Form to assess pain characteristics. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Short Form-36 (SF-36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to measure daytime sleepiness, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and psychological status, respectively. The OSA patients with pain were divided into a CPAP-treated group and a CPAP-untreated group based on their adherence to CPAP. The subjects' pain intensity was reassessed after 3 months. The prevalence of pain was 57.5% in OSA versus 27.1% in HC (p < 0.001). Head (39.0%) accounted for the highest proportion of overall pain locations in subjects with OSA, with 28.8% of OSA patients experiencing headaches. Pain in OSA was associated with impaired HRQoL and psychological problems. Patients with very severe OSA had an increased risk for pain problems (OR: 7.000, p = 0.041). Associated factors for pain intensity in OSA included age, ESS ≥ 9.0, and lowest pulse oximetry (LSpO2) < 80.0%. Pain intensity in OSA decreased significantly after CPAP treatment (p < 0.001). Pain was prevalent among patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and was associated with depression, anxiety, and a lower HRQoL. Patients with very severe OSA had an increased risk for pain problems. The intensity of pain in OSA can be predicted by age, ESS ≥ 9.0, and LSpO2 < 80.0%, and it can be alleviated through CPAP treatment.
疼痛问题在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者中很常见，但很少有研究彻底评估这些患者的疼痛情况。本研究的目的是检查中重度 OSA 患者疼痛的患病率和特征，以及持续气道正压通气（CPAP）治疗的效果。中重度 OSA 患者和健康对照者（HC）完成了简短麦吉尔疼痛问卷（SF-MPQ）和简明疼痛量表（BPI）短表的一部分，以评估疼痛特征。Epworth 嗜睡量表（ESS）、简短健康调查问卷 36 项（SF-36）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）分别用于测量日间嗜睡、健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和心理状态。根据 CPAP 治疗的依从性，将有疼痛的 OSA 患者分为 CPAP 治疗组和 CPAP 未治疗组。3 个月后重新评估患者的疼痛强度。OSA 患者疼痛的患病率为 57.5%，而 HC 为 27.1%（p<0.001）。OSA 患者中，头部（39.0%）疼痛部位占比最高，28.8%的 OSA 患者出现头痛。OSA 患者的疼痛与 HRQoL 受损和心理问题有关。极重度 OSA 患者发生疼痛问题的风险增加（OR：7.000，p=0.041）。OSA 患者疼痛强度的相关因素包括年龄、ESS≥9.0 和最低脉搏血氧饱和度（LSpO2）<80.0%。CPAP 治疗后，OSA 患者的疼痛强度显著降低（p<0.001）。中重度 OSA 患者中疼痛较为常见，与抑郁、焦虑和较低的 HRQoL 有关。极重度 OSA 患者发生疼痛问题的风险增加。OSA 疼痛的强度可以通过年龄、ESS≥9.0 和 LSpO2<80.0%来预测，CPAP 治疗可以缓解疼痛。
