Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
ACS Sens. 2023 Oct 27;8(10):3914-3922. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01488. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
The misuse of cannabinoids and their synthetic variants poses significant threats to public health, necessitating the development of advanced techniques for detection of these compounds in biological or environmental samples. Existing methods face challenges like lengthy sample pretreatment and laborious antifouling steps. Herein, we present a novel sensing platform using magnetic nanorods coated with zwitterionic polymers for the simple, rapid, and sensitive detection of cannabinoids in biofluids. Our technique utilizes the engineered derivatives of the plant hormone receptor (PYR1) as drug recognition elements and employs the chemical-induced dimerization (CID) mechanism for signal development. Additionally, the magnetic nanorods facilitate efficient target capture and reduce the assay duration. Moreover, the zwitterionic polymer coating exhibits excellent antifouling capability, preserving excellent sensor performance in complex biofluids. Our sensors detect cannabinoids in undiluted biofluids like serum, saliva, and urine with a low limit of detection (0.002 pM in saliva and few pM in urine and serum) and dynamic ranges spanning up to 9 orders of magnitude. Moreover, the PYR1 derivatives demonstrate high specificity even in the presence of multiple interfering compounds. This work opens new opportunities for sensor development, showcasing the excellent performance of antifouling magnetic nanorods that can be compatible with different recognition units, including receptors and antibodies, for detecting a variety of targets.
大麻素及其合成变体的滥用对公共健康构成重大威胁，因此需要开发先进的技术来检测生物或环境样本中的这些化合物。现有的方法面临着诸如冗长的样品预处理和繁琐的防污步骤等挑战。在此，我们提出了一种使用带离子聚合物涂层的磁性纳米棒的新型传感平台，用于生物流体中大麻素的简单、快速和灵敏检测。我们的技术利用植物激素受体（PYR1）的工程衍生物作为药物识别元件，并采用化学诱导二聚化（CID）机制进行信号开发。此外，磁性纳米棒有助于高效捕获目标，并缩短检测时间。此外，两性离子聚合物涂层具有出色的防污能力，在复杂的生物流体中仍能保持出色的传感器性能。我们的传感器可在未稀释的生物流体（如血清、唾液和尿液）中检测大麻素，检测限低（唾液中为 0.002 pM，尿液和血清中为几个 pM），动态范围高达 9 个数量级。此外，即使存在多种干扰化合物，PYR1 衍生物也表现出很高的特异性。这项工作为传感器的开发开辟了新的机会，展示了具有出色防污性能的磁性纳米棒的优异性能，这些纳米棒可以与不同的识别单元（包括受体和抗体）兼容，用于检测各种目标。
