Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Oct;57:606-612. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.007. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Unhealthy dietary habits contribute to low-grade chronic inflammation that is known to be associated with metabolic disorders and pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a scoring system for assessing the inflammatory potential of various nutrients and foods. This systematic review aims to investigate the current state of evidence on the association between DII and GDM in pregnant women.
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant English-language articles published up to February 2023. This study was developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (CRD42022382813).
This review included seven studies (98,115 participants) from five countries. In total, two case-control studies have shown a positive association between DII and GDM. In contrast, three of five cohort studies found no association between dietary inflammatory potential and the risk of developing GDM.
We found some controversial results due to the small number of studies, with major heterogeneity in research design and findings. Collectively, the current study does not support an association between the DII score and the risk of gestational diabetes. Further, longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the association between dietary inflammatory potential and GDM.
不健康的饮食习惯会导致低度慢性炎症，而低度慢性炎症与代谢紊乱和妊娠并发症（如妊娠期糖尿病）有关。饮食炎症指数（DII）是一种评估各种营养素和食物炎症潜力的评分系统。本系统评价旨在调查目前关于 DII 与孕妇妊娠期糖尿病之间关联的证据状况。
系统检索了截至 2023 年 2 月发表的相关英文文献，使用了 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 电子数据库。本研究遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）（CRD42022382813）。
本综述共纳入了来自五个国家的七项研究（98115 名参与者）。其中，两项病例对照研究表明 DII 与 GDM 之间存在正相关。相比之下，五项队列研究中有三项没有发现饮食炎症潜能与发生 GDM 的风险之间存在关联。
由于研究数量较少，研究设计和发现存在较大异质性，我们得出了一些有争议的结果。总的来说，目前的研究结果不支持 DII 评分与妊娠期糖尿病风险之间存在关联。此外，还需要进行前瞻性研究来阐明饮食炎症潜能与 GDM 之间的关联。
