Espinosa Juan Manuel, Quintero-Flórez Angélica, Carrasquilla Natalia, Montero Emilio, Rodríguez-Rodríguez Ana, Castellano José María, Perona Javier S
Instituto de la Grasa, Department of Food and Health, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Food Funct. 2023 Oct 2;14(19):8987-8999. doi: 10.1039/d3fo02460a.
Modulation of microglial response could be a target to reduce neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we propose that lipophilic bioactive molecules present in pomace olive oil (POO), transported in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), are able to modulate microglial high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO, points) or pomace olive oil (POO, stripes). In order to prove this hypothesis, a randomized crossover postprandial trial was performed in 18 healthy young women. POO was assayed in opposition to high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO), a common dietary oil which shares with POO an almost identical fatty acid composition but lacks certain biomolecules with recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. TRLs were isolated from blood at the baseline and 2 and 4 hours postprandially and used to treat BV-2 cells to assess their ability to modulate the microglial function. We found that the intake of POO leads to the constitution of postprandial TRLs that are able to modulate the inflammatory response in microglia compared to HOSO. TRL-derived POO reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukins 1β and 6) and nitric oxide and downregulated genes codifying for these cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in BV-2 cells. Moreover, the ingestion of POO by healthy women slightly improved glycemic control and TRL clearance throughout the postprandial phase compared to HOSO. In conclusion, we demonstrated that consuming POO results in postprandial TRLs containing lipophilic bioactive compounds capable of regulating the inflammatory response prompted by microglial activation.
调节小胶质细胞反应可能是减少与阿尔茨海默病相关的神经炎症的一个靶点。在本研究中，我们提出，存在于橄榄果渣油（POO）中的亲脂性生物活性分子，通过富含甘油三酯的脂蛋白（TRLs）运输，能够调节小胶质细胞 高油酸葵花籽油（HOSO，点）或橄榄果渣油（POO，条纹）。为了验证这一假设，我们对18名健康年轻女性进行了一项随机交叉餐后试验。将POO与高油酸葵花籽油（HOSO）进行对比分析，HOSO是一种常见的食用油，与POO具有几乎相同的脂肪酸组成，但缺乏某些具有公认抗氧化和抗炎活性的生物分子。在基线以及餐后2小时和4小时从血液中分离出TRLs，并用于处理BV-2细胞，以评估其调节小胶质细胞功能的能力。我们发现，与HOSO相比，摄入POO会导致餐后TRLs的形成，这些TRLs能够调节小胶质细胞中的炎症反应。源自TRL的POO减少了促炎细胞因子（肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素1β和6）和一氧化氮的释放，并下调了BV-2细胞中编码这些细胞因子和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的基因。此外，与HOSO相比，健康女性摄入POO在整个餐后阶段略微改善了血糖控制和TRL清除。总之，我们证明，食用POO会导致餐后TRLs含有能够调节小胶质细胞激活引发的炎症反应的亲脂性生物活性化合物。
