Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, UK.
Ballet Healthcare, The Royal Ballet, Royal Opera House, London, UK.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14502. doi: 10.1111/sms.14502. Epub 2023 Sep 23.
Ballet class represents a considerable portion of professional ballet training, yet the external training load demands associated with class-and particularly the jumping demands-have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to measure the jumping demands of ballet class by sex and rank. Eleven female and eight male elite professional ballet dancers participated in 109 ballet classes taught by 12 different teachers. Jump counts and jump heights were measured during each class. A Poisson generalized linear mixed effects model was used to examine the differences in jump counts between sexes and ranks. Greater jump counts were observed during class in men than in women (153, 95% confidence intervals [CI] [137, 170] vs. 119, 95% CI [109, 131], p = 0.004) and in junior ranking dancers compared with senior ranking dancers (151, 95% CI [138, 165] vs. 121, 95% CI [108, 135], p = 0.006). Female junior and senior ranking dancers jumped at rates of 9.2 ± 2.6 and 8.6 ± 4.7 jumps·min , respectively, while male junior and senior ranking dancers jumped at rates of 9.1 ± 2.6 and 8.7 ± 2.6 jumps·min , respectively. Across all classes, 73% of jumps observed were below 50% of maximum double-legged countermovement jump height. Unlike rehearsals and performances, class offers dancers an opportunity to self-regulate load, and as such, are a useful session to manage jump load, and facilitate gradual return-to-dance pathways. Communication between health care and artistic staff is essential to facilitate load management during class.
芭蕾舞课代表了专业芭蕾舞训练的相当一部分内容，但尚未研究过与课程相关的外部训练负荷，特别是跳跃需求。本研究的目的是按性别和等级来测量芭蕾舞课的跳跃需求。11 名女性和 8 名男性精英职业芭蕾舞演员参加了由 12 位不同教师教授的 109 节芭蕾舞课。在每节课中都测量了跳跃次数和跳跃高度。使用泊松广义线性混合效应模型来检查性别和等级之间跳跃次数的差异。男性在课堂上的跳跃次数多于女性（153，95%置信区间[CI] [137, 170]比 119，95% CI [109, 131]，p = 0.004），初级排名的舞者比高级排名的舞者跳跃次数更多（151，95% CI [138, 165]比 121，95% CI [108, 135]，p = 0.006）。女性初级和高级排名的舞者的跳跃率分别为 9.2 ± 2.6 和 8.6 ± 4.7 次·min -1 ，而男性初级和高级排名的舞者的跳跃率分别为 9.1 ± 2.6 和 8.7 ± 2.6 次·min -1 。在所有课程中，观察到的跳跃中有 73%低于最大双腿反跳高度的 50%。与排练和表演不同，课程为舞者提供了自我调节负荷的机会，因此，这是管理跳跃负荷并促进逐渐恢复舞蹈的有用课程。医疗保健和艺术人员之间的沟通对于促进课程期间的负荷管理至关重要。
