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抗生素抗性基因和人类病原体对坡度和位置的响应行为:坡耕地环境风险分析

Response behavior of antibiotic resistance genes and human pathogens to slope gradient and position: An environmental risk analysis in sloping cultivated land.

作者信息

Xu Kailin, Liu Xuna, Pang Lina, Yue Yao, Chatzisymeon Efthalia, Yang Ping

机构信息

College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

出版信息

Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:166994. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166994. Epub 2023 Sep 22.

Abstract

Soils, especially in farmlands, are key media for the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their hosts from the environment to humans. Sloping farmland is an important agricultural resource, but there lack of studies on the fate and risk of ARGs in sloping land. Also, the behavior and drivers of ARGs in response to slope gradient and position are unclear. Here, metagenomics was used to investigate the profiles of ARGs, mobile genetic elements, and microbial communities in soils from lands of five slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, and 25°) with two slope positions (uphill and downhill). Results showed that while the abundance (except 15°) and diversity (except 20°) of ARGs increased as the slope gradient increased, the diversity of ARGs with health risk, especially the high-risk ones, decreased. For slope positions, abundant and diverse ARGs were more likely to accumulate at downhill. Furthermore, 52 bacterial genera and 12 human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) species were identified as the potential hosts for ARGs with high risk, and abundant HPB species were also detected in the soils with low gradients at downhill. Moreover, the structural equation model analysis revealed that the slope gradient and the slope position have both direct and indirect effects on the abundance of ARGs. Further correlation analysis revealed that the slope gradient has a positive effect (p < 0.05) on nitrite nitrogen in the soils. Also, the slope position has a negative effect (p < 0.05) on total phosphorus and microbial nitrogen, while positively affected (p < 0.05) on particulate nitrogen and microbial carbon, which were the key factors driving the behavior of ARGs. Overall, this study provided comprehensive information on ARGs with health risks and their potential pathogenic hosts in sloping farmland. It can be important for controlling antibiotic resistance transmission and be consistent with the One Health framework.

摘要

土壤,尤其是农田土壤,是抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)及其宿主从环境传播至人类的关键媒介。坡耕地是一种重要的农业资源,但目前缺乏关于坡耕地中ARGs的归宿和风险的研究。此外,ARGs在响应坡度梯度和位置时的行为及驱动因素尚不清楚。在此,采用宏基因组学方法研究了五个坡度梯度(5°、10°、15°、20°和25°)且具有两个坡位(上坡和下坡)的土壤中ARGs、可移动遗传元件和微生物群落的概况。结果表明,虽然ARGs的丰度(15°除外)和多样性(20°除外)随坡度梯度增加而增加,但具有健康风险的ARGs,尤其是高风险ARGs的多样性却降低了。对于坡位而言,丰富多样的ARGs更有可能在下坡处积累。此外,52个细菌属和12种人类致病细菌(HPB)被鉴定为高风险ARGs的潜在宿主,且在下坡低坡度土壤中也检测到了丰富的HPB物种。此外,结构方程模型分析表明,坡度梯度和坡位对ARGs丰度均有直接和间接影响。进一步的相关性分析表明,坡度梯度对土壤中的亚硝酸盐氮有正向影响(p < 0.05)。坡位对总磷和微生物氮有负向影响(p < 0.05),而对颗粒态氮和微生物碳有正向影响(p < 0.05),这些是驱动ARGs行为的关键因素。总体而言,本研究提供了关于坡耕地中具有健康风险的ARGs及其潜在致病宿主的全面信息。这对于控制抗生素抗性传播具有重要意义,且符合“同一健康”框架。

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