State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing 210017, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jul 5;472:134616. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134616. Epub 2024 May 14.
Soil is recognized as an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the effect of salinity on the antibiotic resistome in saline soils remains largely misunderstood. In this study, high-throughput qPCR was used to investigate the impact of low-variable salinity levels on the occurrence, health risks, driving factors, and assembly processes of the antibiotic resistome. The results revealed 206 subtype ARGs across 10 categories, with medium-salinity soil exhibiting the highest abundance and number of ARGs. Among them, high-risk ARGs were enriched in medium-salinity soil. Further exploration showed that bacterial interaction favored the proliferation of ARGs. Meanwhile, functional genes related to reactive oxygen species production, membrane permeability, and adenosine triphosphate synthesis were upregulated by 6.9%, 2.9%, and 18.0%, respectively, at medium salinity compared to those at low salinity. With increasing salinity, the driver of ARGs in saline soils shifts from bacterial community to mobile gene elements, and energy supply contributed 28.2% to the ARGs at extreme salinity. As indicated by the neutral community model, stochastic processes shaped the assembly of ARGs communities in saline soils. This work emphasizes the importance of salinity on antibiotic resistome, and provides advanced insights into the fate and dissemination of ARGs in saline soils.
土壤被认为是抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的重要储存库。然而，盐分对盐渍土中抗生素抗性组的影响在很大程度上仍未被理解。在这项研究中，高通量 qPCR 用于研究低变量盐度水平对抗生素抗性组的发生、健康风险、驱动因素和组装过程的影响。结果揭示了 10 类 206 种亚型 ARGs，中盐土壤表现出最高的 ARGs 丰度和数量。其中，高风险 ARGs 在中盐土壤中富集。进一步探索表明，细菌相互作用有利于 ARGs 的增殖。同时，与活性氧产生、膜通透性和三磷酸腺苷合成相关的功能基因分别上调了 6.9%、2.9%和 18.0%，而中盐度下的功能基因则高于低盐度下的功能基因。随着盐度的增加，盐渍土中 ARGs 的驱动因素从细菌群落转变为移动基因元件，而能源供应对极端盐度下的 ARGs 贡献了 28.2%。中性群落模型表明，随机过程塑造了盐渍土中 ARGs 群落的组装。这项工作强调了盐分对抗生素抗性组的重要性，并为了解 ARGs 在盐渍土中的命运和传播提供了新的见解。
