Meral Ezgi Doğan
Department of Horticulture, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Sep 5;14:1244426. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1244426. eCollection 2023.
Potted miniature roses are popular indoor ornamental plants. Due to consumer demands, different varieties are introduced to the market every year. The most widely used method for the development of potted miniatures is cross breeding. Six divergent popular pot miniature roses as female parents and and Black Baccara as male parents as well as 190 of their F hybrids were studied to determine the extent of crossability and the heterosis effects for several quantitative and qualitative traits for determining miniature rose breeding potential. The percentage of pollen viability and the pollen germination rate differed between 48.61% and 61.27% and between 23.26% and 32.19%, respectively. All cultivars exhibited a strong correlation between the fruit set, the weight of fruit, the total set, the weight of seed, the number of seeds per fruit, and the seed germination rate. The cultivar Rosa White Star as a female parent exhibited a good fruit set and crossing success, whereas Juanita Kordana showed a poor crossing success rate. The maximum setting after the crossing was that of Rosa White Star × comprising 75% of fruits, 132 total seeds, and seed weight of 0.68 g. The highest number of seeds per fruit (12.63) was obtained from Rosa Bling Love Star × , and the Red Romance × Black Baccara had the maximum germination of seed rate (48%). The potential for heterobeltiosis and heterosis varied and exhibited a contrasting performance for various qualitative and quantitative traits between F progenies. The parents and F hybrids were sorted into three major groups by cluster analysis based on the phenotypic variation.
盆栽微型玫瑰是受欢迎的室内观赏植物。由于消费者需求，每年都有不同品种推向市场。培育盆栽微型玫瑰最广泛使用的方法是杂交育种。以六个不同的流行盆栽微型玫瑰品种为母本、“黑巴克”为父本，以及它们的190个F1代杂种进行研究，以确定杂交亲和性程度以及几个数量和质量性状的杂种优势效应，从而确定微型玫瑰的育种潜力。花粉活力百分比和花粉萌发率分别在48.61%至61.27%和23.26%至32.19%之间有所不同。所有品种在坐果率、果实重量、总坐果数、种子重量、单果种子数和种子发芽率之间均表现出强烈的相关性。以“白星玫瑰”品种作为母本时表现出良好的坐果率和杂交成功率，而“胡安妮塔科达纳”的杂交成功率较低。杂交后坐果率最高的是“白星玫瑰”× ，坐果率为75%，共有132粒种子，种子重量为0.68克。单果种子数最多（12.63粒）的是“闪耀爱星玫瑰”× ，而“红浪漫”ד黑巴克”的种子发芽率最高（48%）。杂种优势潜力和杂种优势各不相同，F1代后代在各种质量和数量性状上表现出对比性。根据表型变异，通过聚类分析将亲本和F1代杂种分为三大类。
