Mononeuritis Multiplex Due to Hansen's Disease: A Look Through Ultrasound and Electrodiagnosis.

Hansen's disease is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. This bacillus can invade the peripheral nerves asymmetrically, including the ulnar, median, and radial nerves, causing mononeuritis multiplex. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with a history of Hansen's disease with sensory and motor symptoms. Electrodiagnostic studies and ultrasound showed asymmetric lesions of the median, ulnar, and radial nerves. Because this is the main complication of this pathology, electrodiagnosis is clearly valuable for its diagnosis, demonstrating axonal and myelin involvement, as well as signs of denervation and reinnervation. Ultrasound is valuable in the detection, diagnosis, and assessment of the extent of mononeuritis multiplex due to Hansen's disease. It aids in identifying significant inflammatory deterioration, as indicated by increased blood flow in the nerves and enlargement of the nerves. This technique allows for the exploration of nerves such as the ulnar nerve and branches of the brachial plexus. In a complementary way, ultrasound provides information on the severity of the disease. Early diagnosis of this entity is essential because it can generate aesthetic and functional permanent affectation.