School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, China.
Henan Province General Medical Educations and Research Center, Xinxiang, China.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2024 Mar;70(2):241-270. doi: 10.1177/00207640231197941. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
To explore the correlation between air pollution and the onset of depression and anxiety disorders, to draw more comprehensive and integrated conclusions, and to provide recommendations for maintaining mental health and developing policies to reduce mental health risks caused by air pollution.
Meta-analysis of cohort study articles exploring the relationship between air pollution and depression or anxiety disorders included in Pubmed, Web Of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang database before October 31, 2022, and subgroup analysis of the association between air pollution and depression and anxiety disorders regarding the air pollutants studied, the study population, and Publication bias analysis and sensitivity analysis.
A total of 25 articles meeting the criteria were included in this study, including 23 articles examining the relationship between air pollution and depression and 5 articles examining the relationship between air pollution and anxiety disorders. The results of the meta-analysis were based on the type of pollutant and showed that there was a high degree of heterogeneity among the studies on the relationship between air pollution and depression and a significant heterogeneity among the studies on PM and the risk of anxiety disorders ( = 71%, < .01), so a random-effects model was selected for the analysis. CO, O, and SO and depression onset had combined RR values of 1.10 (1.00, 1.20), 1.06 (0.87, 1.29), 1.17 (1.06, 1.31), 1.19 (0.90, 1.58), 1.03 (0.99, 1.07), and 1.09 (0.97, 1.24), respectively, and PM and anxiety The combined RR value for morbidity was 1.10 (0.99, 1.22). The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the combined results were stable and reliable. The results of Egger regression method test showed that none of them had significant publication bias ( > .05).
Combined exposure to air pollutants on depression and anxiety, further studies by other researchers are needed in the future.
PM and NO exposure, especially long-term exposure, may be associated with the onset of depression, and no association was found for the time being between PM, CO, O, SO exposure and depression and PM exposure and anxiety disorders.
探讨空气污染与抑郁和焦虑障碍发病的相关性，得出更全面、综合的结论，并为维护心理健康和制定减少空气污染导致心理健康风险的政策提供建议。
对 2022 年 10 月 31 日前在 Pubmed、Web Of Science、CNKI 和万方数据库中纳入的探讨空气污染与抑郁或焦虑障碍关系的队列研究文献进行 Meta 分析，并对研究的空气污染物、研究人群进行亚组分析，对空气污染与抑郁和焦虑障碍的相关性进行发表偏倚分析和敏感性分析。
本研究共纳入符合标准的 25 篇文献，其中 23 篇文章探讨了空气污染与抑郁的关系，5 篇文章探讨了空气污染与焦虑障碍的关系。Meta 分析结果基于污染物类型显示，空气污染与抑郁的相关性研究之间存在高度异质性，PM 与焦虑障碍风险的相关性研究之间存在显著异质性（ = 71%， < .01），因此选择随机效应模型进行分析。CO、O 和 SO 与抑郁发病的合并 RR 值分别为 1.10（1.00，1.20）、1.06（0.87，1.29）、1.17（1.06，1.31）、1.19（0.90，1.58）、1.03（0.99，1.07）和 1.09（0.97，1.24），PM 与焦虑障碍发病的合并 RR 值为 1.10（0.99，1.22）。敏感性分析结果表明，合并结果稳定可靠。Egger 回归方法检验结果表明，均无显著发表偏倚（ > .05）。
综合暴露于空气污染物对抑郁和焦虑的影响，未来需要其他研究人员进行进一步研究。
PM 和 NO 暴露，特别是长期暴露，可能与抑郁的发病有关，目前尚未发现 PM、CO、O、SO 暴露与抑郁以及 PM 暴露与焦虑障碍之间存在关联。
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