School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Process and Product Development, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil.
Renato Archer Information Technology Center, Campinas 13069-901, Brazil.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 12;13(9):882. doi: 10.3390/bios13090882.
The early and non-invasive diagnosis of tumor diseases has been widely investigated by the scientific community focusing on the development of sensors/biomarkers that act as a way of recognizing the adhesion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). As a challenge in this area, strategies for CTCs capture and enrichment currently require improvements in the sensors/biomarker's selectivity. This can be achieved by understanding the biological recognition factors for different cancer cell lines and also by understanding the interaction between surface parameters and the affinity between macromolecules and the cell surface. To overcome some of these concerns, electrochemical sensors have been used as precise, fast-response, and low-cost transduction platforms for application in cytosensors. Additionally, distinct materials, geometries, and technologies have been investigated to improve the sensitivity and specificity properties of the support electrode that will transform biochemical events into electrical signals. This review identifies novel approaches regarding the application of different specific biomarkers (CD44, Integrins, and EpCAm) for capturing CTCs. These biomarkers can be applied in electrochemical biosensors as a cytodetection strategy for diagnosis of cancerous diseases.
肿瘤疾病的早期无创诊断一直是科学界广泛研究的课题，研究重点是开发传感器/生物标志物，作为识别循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）黏附的一种方法。在这一领域的挑战中，CTC 的捕获和富集策略目前需要提高传感器/生物标志物的选择性。这可以通过了解不同癌细胞系的生物学识别因素以及理解表面参数之间的相互作用和生物大分子与细胞表面之间的亲和力来实现。为了克服其中的一些问题，电化学传感器已被用作用于细胞传感器的精确、快速响应和低成本转换平台。此外，还研究了不同的材料、几何形状和技术，以提高将生化事件转化为电信号的支撑电极的灵敏度和特异性。本综述确定了关于应用不同特定生物标志物（CD44、整合素和 EpCAM）捕获 CTC 的新方法。这些生物标志物可应用于电化学生物传感器作为癌症诊断的细胞检测策略。
