Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2023 Sep 18;15(9):578. doi: 10.3390/toxins15090578.
Ageritin from poplar mushrooms is a specific endonuclease that hydrolyzes a single phosphodiester bond located in the sarcin-ricin loop (SRL) of the large rRNA, thereby blocking protein synthesis. Considering the possible biotechnological use of this enzyme, here we report its antifungal activity against virulent fungi affecting crops of economic interest. Our results show that ageritin (200 µg/plug; 13.5 nmole) inhibits the growth of (57%), (42%), and (57%), when tested on potato dextrose agar plates. At the same time, no effect was observed against (a fungus promoting beneficial effects in plants). To verify whether the antifungal action of ageritin against and was due to ribosome damage, we tested ageritin in vitro on partially isolated and ribosomes. Interestingly, ageritin was able to release the Endo's fragment from both tested fungal ribosomes. We therefore decided to test the antifungal effect of ageritin on and using a different growth condition (liquid medium). Differently from the result in solid medium, ageritin can inhibit both and fungal growth in liquid medium in a concentration-dependent manner up to 35.7% and 38.7%, respectively, at the highest concentration tested (200 µg/mL; 12 µM), and the analysis of RNA isolated from ageritin-treated cells revealed the presence of Endo's fragment, highlighting its ability to cross the fungal cell wall and reach the ribosomes. Overall, these data highlight that the efficacy of antifungal treatment to prevent or treat a potential fungal disease may depend not only on the fungal species but also on the conditions of toxin application.
杨树菇中的ageritin 是一种特异性内切核酸酶，可水解大亚 rRNA 中 sarcin-ricin 环（SRL）中的单个磷酸二酯键，从而阻断蛋白质合成。鉴于该酶可能具有生物技术用途，我们在此报告其对影响经济作物的致病真菌的抗真菌活性。我们的结果表明，ageritin（200 µg/塞；13.5 nmole）在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂平板上测试时，可抑制 （57%）、 （42%）和 （57%）的生长。同时，对 （一种促进植物有益效果的真菌）没有观察到作用。为了验证 ageritin 对 和 的抗真菌作用是否归因于核糖体损伤，我们在体外部分分离的 和 核糖体上测试了 ageritin。有趣的是，ageritin 能够从两种测试的真菌核糖体上释放 Endo 的片段。因此，我们决定使用不同的生长条件（液体培养基）测试 ageritin 对 和 的抗真菌作用。与固体培养基的结果不同，ageritin 可以以浓度依赖的方式抑制液体培养基中 和 真菌的生长，在最高测试浓度（200 µg/mL；12 µM）下分别抑制 35.7%和 38.7%，并且从 ageritin 处理的细胞中分离的 RNA 的分析显示 Endo 的片段的存在，突出了其穿过真菌细胞壁并到达核糖体的能力。总体而言，这些数据表明，抗真菌治疗的功效以预防或治疗潜在真菌病不仅取决于真菌种类，还取决于毒素应用的条件。
