Martín-García Beatriz, Romero-González Roberto, Garrido Frenich Antonia
Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAMBITAL), University of Almería, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain.
Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAMBITAL), University of Almería, Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain.
Food Chem. 2024 Feb 15;434:137555. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137555. Epub 2023 Sep 20.
Vegetables can contain co-formulants derived from the use of plant protection products (PPPs) in crops. Thus, in the current study co-formulants were determined in different fruits and vegetables and their leaves by gas and liquid chromatography coupled to Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Q-Orbitrap and LC-Q-Orbitrap-MS). A total of 37 co-formulants were tentatively identified, and among them, 12 compounds were quantified by LC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and 9 by GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS. The mean co-formulant levels in fruit and vegetable samples was 92% lower than in leaf samples. Selected samples showed a high concentration of 1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone among the co-formulants detected. This compound ranged from 22 µg/kg (strawberry) to 722 µg/kg (red grape), whereas in the case of leaves, its concentration was up to 6513 µg/kg in cucumber leaf. In addition, it has an LD equal to 1.440 g/kg. Therefore, this type of PPP co-formulants should be controlled in fruits and vegetables to avoid adverse health effects.
蔬菜可能含有因在农作物中使用植物保护产品（PPP）而产生的辅助剂。因此，在本研究中，通过气相色谱和液相色谱与Q-轨道阱高分辨率质谱联用（GC-Q-轨道阱和LC-Q-轨道阱-MS）测定了不同水果、蔬菜及其叶片中的辅助剂。共初步鉴定出37种辅助剂，其中12种化合物通过LC-Q-轨道阱-MS定量，9种通过GC-Q-轨道阱-MS定量。水果和蔬菜样品中的辅助剂平均含量比叶片样品低92%。在检测到的辅助剂中，选定的样品显示1-乙基-2-吡咯烷酮浓度较高。该化合物的含量范围为22μg/kg（草莓）至722μg/kg（红葡萄），而在叶片中，黄瓜叶中的浓度高达6513μg/kg。此外，其半数致死量为1.440g/kg。因此，应控制水果和蔬菜中此类PPP辅助剂的含量，以避免对健康产生不利影响。
