Are women residents of surgical specialties at a higher risk of developing imposter syndrome?

BACKGROUND

Imposter syndrome is a chronic feeling of doubt leading to a sense of incompetence, which is common among trainees. However, little is known about the effect of gender on imposter syndrome among surgical trainees.

METHODS

An online national survey was distributed to the surgical subspecialty residents between March and September 2022, including demographics, validated Clance Imposter Scale and a short questionnaire evaluating depression and anxiety.

RESULTS

Of the participants self identified as women (264, 69.1%) and men (118, 30.9%) (response rate 36.4%), the prevalence of imposterism was higher among women trainees (97% vs. 86%; p ​< ​0.0001). Risk factors were being a gynecologist (156, 59%, p ​< ​0.0001), single (157, 59.7% p ​= ​0.007), having no dependents (233, 88.3% p ​= ​0.001), being a foreign graduate (24, 9.1%, p ​= ​0.024) and having feelings of anxiety (82, 31.1% p ​= ​0.012). When using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for these factors, the prevalence of imposter syndrome remained significantly higher among women.

CONCLUSION

Women trainees belonging to various surgical fields are affected by Imposter syndrome. Residency programs should develop wellness programs and provide mentorship to address this condition.