Marquez-Ortiz Ricaurte A, Tesic Vesna, Hernandez Daniel R, Akhter Bilkis, Aich Nibedita, Boudreaux Porter M, Clemons Garrett A, Wu Celeste Yin-Chieh, Lin Hung Wen, Rodgers Krista M
Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA.
Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA.
Brain Sci. 2023 Sep 17;13(9):1337. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13091337.
Ischemic damage to the brain and loss of neurons contribute to functional disabilities in many stroke survivors. Recovery of neuroplasticity is critical to restoration of function and improved quality of life. Stroke and neurological deficits occur in both adults and children, and yet it is well documented that the developing brain has remarkable plasticity which promotes increased post-ischemic functional recovery compared with adults. However, the mechanisms underlying post-stroke recovery in the young brain have not been fully explored. We observed opposing responses to experimental cerebral ischemia in juvenile and adult mice, with substantial neural regeneration and enhanced neuroplasticity detected in the juvenile brain that was not found in adults. We demonstrate strikingly different stroke-induced neuroimmune responses that are deleterious in adults and protective in juveniles, supporting neural regeneration and plasticity. Understanding age-related differences in neuronal repair and regeneration, restoration of neural network function, and neuroimmune signaling in the stroke-injured brain may offer new insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for stroke rehabilitation.
大脑的缺血性损伤和神经元丧失导致许多中风幸存者出现功能障碍。神经可塑性的恢复对于功能恢复和生活质量改善至关重要。中风和神经功能缺损在成人和儿童中均会发生，然而，有充分的文献记载，发育中的大脑具有显著的可塑性，与成人相比，这促进了缺血后功能恢复的增强。然而，幼龄大脑中风后恢复的潜在机制尚未得到充分探索。我们观察到幼年和成年小鼠对实验性脑缺血的反应相反，在幼年大脑中检测到大量神经再生和增强的神经可塑性，而在成年大脑中未发现。我们证明了中风诱导的神经免疫反应存在显著差异，这些反应在成人中是有害的，而在幼龄动物中是保护性的，支持神经再生和可塑性。了解中风损伤大脑中与年龄相关的神经元修复和再生差异、神经网络功能恢复以及神经免疫信号传导，可能为开发新的中风康复治疗策略提供新的见解。
