Navasardyan Inesa, Yeganyan Stephanie, Nguyen Helena, Vaghashia Payal, Subbian Selvakumar, Venketaraman Vishwanath
College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Public Health Research Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Biomedicines. 2023 Sep 19;11(9):2568. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11092568.
Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is a result of the invasion of the meninges with the bacilli of (Mtb), leading to inflammation of the meninges around the brain or spinal cord. Oxidative stress occurs when the body's cells become overwhelmed with free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of TBM due to their toxic nature, resulting in impairment of the body's ability to fight off infection. ROS damages the endothelial cells and impairs the defense mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which contributes to CNS susceptibility to the bacteria causing TBM. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common condition that is characterized by the impairment of the hormone insulin, which is responsible for modulating blood glucose levels. The increased availability of glucose in individuals with diabetes results in increased cellular activity and metabolism, leading to heightened ROS production and, in turn, increased susceptibility to TBM. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of oxidative stress and its role in both TBM and DM. We further discuss how increased oxidative stress in DM can contribute to the likelihood of developing TBM and potential therapeutic approaches that may be of therapeutic value.
结核性脑膜炎（TBM）是结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）侵袭脑膜的结果，导致脑或脊髓周围的脑膜发炎。当身体细胞被自由基，特别是活性氧（ROS） overwhelm时，就会发生氧化应激。由于ROS的毒性，它在TBM的发病机制中起重要作用，导致身体抵抗感染的能力受损。ROS会损害内皮细胞并削弱血脑屏障（BBB）的防御机制，这导致中枢神经系统对引起TBM的细菌易感。糖尿病（DM）是一种常见病症，其特征在于负责调节血糖水平的激素胰岛素受损。糖尿病患者体内葡萄糖可用性增加导致细胞活性和代谢增加，导致ROS产生增加，进而增加对TBM的易感性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们目前对氧化应激及其在TBM和DM中的作用的理解。我们进一步讨论了DM中氧化应激增加如何导致发生TBM的可能性以及可能具有治疗价值的潜在治疗方法。 （注：“overwhelm”在这里可能需要结合上下文更准确理解其含义，初步译为“ overwhelm”，可根据实际情况调整。）
