Bin Obaid Manar Abdulaziz, AlSedairy Sahar Abdulaziz, Alghamdi Hamza Ali, Aljameel Ghzail M, Alidrissi Eman, AlZahrani Mofareh, Binobead Manal Abdulaziz
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 12314, Saudi Arabia.
Children (Basel). 2023 Aug 28;10(9):1468. doi: 10.3390/children10091468.
With a variety of symptoms that can impede children's development, food allergies are an important public health concern. With the help of information from the King Fahad Medical City Hospital in Riyadh, we looked at how restricting certain foods affected the growth of Saudi children who had food allergies. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire asking about the individuals' demographics and their restricted eating habits was completed by 72 children (48 boys and 24 girls) between the ages of 2 and 14. The sensitivity of six allergens (hen eggs, cow milk, fish, wheat, peanuts, and soybeans), anthropometric indices, specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and sensitivity were examined. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 26, was used to analyze the data. Chi-square and -tests were used to examine the relationships between various category variables. According to the findings, most of the mothers of the children were between the ages of 30 and 40 (80.6%), had a college degree (72.3%), were unemployed (59.7%), and had a monthly family income between 5000 and 15,000 SAR (69.4%). Both sexes had specific IgE antibodies for allergens in classes 2 and 3, with boys having noticeably ( ≤ 0.05) higher quantities than girls. While females were more sensitive to fish and peanuts, boys were more likely than girls to show specific IgE sensitivity to egg white, cow milk, wheat, and soybeans. Both sexes' allergy levels were considerably ( ≤ 0.01) higher in children aged 5.01 to 10 than in other age groups. In terms of classifications of thinness, overweightness, and obesity, boys were slenderer than girls, and a greater percentage of boys than girls were overweight or obese. The exclusion of hen eggs, cow milk, wheat, and peanuts from the diet had a significant and detrimental effect on body mass index (BMI) and height-for-age ratio among children with impaired growth, in contrast to the demographic factors, which had a significant and favorable effect on the growth of other children. In conclusion, restrictions on food allergens impairs growth in Saudi children, particularly boys' growth.
食物过敏会引发多种阻碍儿童发育的症状，是一个重要的公共卫生问题。在利雅得法赫德国王医疗城医院提供的信息帮助下，我们研究了限制某些食物对患有食物过敏的沙特儿童生长发育的影响。72名年龄在2至14岁之间的儿童（48名男孩和24名女孩）完成了一份匿名自填式问卷，问卷询问了个人的人口统计学信息及其受限的饮食习惯。检测了六种过敏原（鸡蛋、牛奶、鱼、小麦、花生和大豆）的敏感性、人体测量指标、特异性免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平以及过敏反应。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）26版对数据进行分析。卡方检验和t检验用于检验各类变量之间的关系。根据研究结果，这些孩子的母亲大多年龄在30至40岁之间（80.6%），拥有大学学历（72.3%），无业（59.7%），家庭月收入在5000至15000沙特里亚尔之间（69.4%）。男孩和女孩在2级和3级过敏原中均有特异性IgE抗体，男孩的抗体数量明显（P≤0.05）高于女孩。虽然女性对鱼和花生更敏感，但男孩比女孩更易对蛋清、牛奶、小麦和大豆表现出特异性IgE过敏反应。5.01至10岁儿童的过敏水平在两性中均显著（P≤0.01）高于其他年龄组。在消瘦、超重和肥胖分类方面，男孩比女孩更瘦，但超重或肥胖的男孩比例高于女孩。与对其他儿童生长有显著且有利影响的人口统计学因素相比，饮食中排除鸡蛋、牛奶、小麦和花生对生长发育受损儿童的体重指数（BMI）和年龄别身高比有显著且不利的影响。总之，限制食物过敏原会损害沙特儿童的生长发育，尤其是男孩的生长。
