Tang Yunqi, Liang Peiyao, Pan Jingwen, Zhang Cui, Ren Hui, Cheng Shizhe, Kong Pui Wah
College of Art and Design, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Sep 18;11(18):2570. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11182570.
Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a prevalent condition characterized by recurring instances of the ankle giving way and persistent symptoms, including pain and diminished function. Foot and ankle external supports are commonly used in clinical practice and research for treating CAI. This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of foot and ankle external supports on the postural stability of individuals with CAI to guide clinical practice and inform future research. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from 1 January 2012 to 1 November 2022. Eighteen studies involving individuals with CAI were chosen in this systematic review. The quality of the included studies and risk of bias were assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's tool for randomized controlled trials, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control studies, and the DELPHl-list for crossover trial studies. The external supports included in this review were ankle orthoses (elastic, semi-rigid, and active orthoses), taping (kinesiotaping and fibular reposition taping), and insoles (textured and supportive insoles). The outcome measures included static and dynamic postural stability tests, such as the single-leg stance test, star excursion balance test, Y-balance test, single-leg landing test, lateral jump test, walking test, and running test. The results showed that elastic orthoses, Kinesiotaping, and textured insoles demonstrated potential benefits in improving postural stability in individuals with CAI. Elastic orthoses decreased ankle joint motion variability, kinesiotaping facilitated cutaneous receptors and proprioceptive feedback, while textured insoles increased tactile stimulation and foot position awareness. However, the effects of semi-rigid orthoses, fibular reposition taping, and arch support insoles were inconsistent across studies. Future research should explore the long-term effects of these external supports, analyze the effects of different characteristics and combinations of supports, and employ standardized outcome measures and testing protocols for assessing postural stability.
慢性踝关节不稳（CAI）是一种常见病症，其特征为踝关节反复出现松动以及持续存在疼痛和功能减退等症状。足踝外部支撑器具在临床实践和研究中常用于治疗CAI。本系统评价旨在评估足踝外部支撑器具对CAI患者姿势稳定性的影响，以指导临床实践并为未来研究提供信息。2012年1月1日至2022年11月1日期间，我们在PubMed、科学网、Scopus和谷歌学术数据库中进行了全面检索。本系统评价纳入了18项涉及CAI患者的研究。使用Cochrane协作网的随机对照试验工具、纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（用于病例对照研究）以及德尔菲清单（用于交叉试验研究）对纳入研究的质量和偏倚风险进行了评估。本评价纳入的外部支撑器具包括踝足矫形器（弹性、半刚性和主动式矫形器）、贴扎（肌内效贴扎和腓骨复位贴扎）以及鞋垫（纹理鞋垫和支撑性鞋垫）。结局指标包括静态和动态姿势稳定性测试，如单腿站立测试、星形偏移平衡测试、Y平衡测试、单腿落地测试、侧向跳跃测试、步行测试和跑步测试。结果表明，弹性矫形器、肌内效贴扎和纹理鞋垫在改善CAI患者姿势稳定性方面显示出潜在益处。弹性矫形器可降低踝关节运动变异性，肌内效贴扎可促进皮肤感受器和本体感觉反馈，而纹理鞋垫可增加触觉刺激和足部位置感知。然而，半刚性矫形器、腓骨复位贴扎和足弓支撑鞋垫的效果在各研究中并不一致。未来研究应探索这些外部支撑器具的长期影响，分析不同特性和支撑组合的效果，并采用标准化结局指标和测试方案来评估姿势稳定性。
