Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 15;24(18):14163. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814163.
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in human blood serum, urine, and other body fluids recently became a commonly used diagnostic marker associated with various pathologies. This is because cfDNA enables a much higher sensitivity than standard biochemical parameters. The presence of and/or increased level of cfDNA has been reported for various diseases, including viral infections, including COVID-19. Here, we review cfDNA in general, how it has been identified, where it can derive from, its molecular features, and mechanisms of release and clearance. General suitability of cfDNA for diagnostic questions, possible shortcomings and future directions are discussed, with a special focus on coronavirus infection.
无细胞游离 DNA（cfDNA）存在于人体血清、尿液和其他体液中，是一种与多种病理情况相关的新型常用诊断标志物。cfDNA 具有比传统生化参数更高的灵敏度，因此得以广泛应用。cfDNA 存在和/或含量升高已在多种疾病中被报道，包括病毒感染，如 COVID-19。本文综述了 cfDNA 的一般特征，包括鉴定方法、来源、分子特征、释放和清除机制。此外，还讨论了 cfDNA 用于诊断的一般适用性、可能的局限性和未来发展方向，特别关注了冠状病毒感染。
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