College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 20;24(18):14309. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814309.
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop production in acidic soils. This study aims to investigate the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) priming on mitigating acid-Al toxicity to creeping bentgrass () associated with changes in plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant defense, key metabolites, and genes related to organic acids metabolism. Thirty-seven-old plants were primed with or without 0.5 mM GABA for three days and then subjected to acid-Al stress (5 mmol/L AlCl·6HO, pH 4.35) for fifteen days. The results showed that acid-Al stress significantly increased the accumulation of Al and also restricted aboveground and underground growths, photosynthesis, photochemical efficiency, and osmotic balance, which could be effectively alleviated by GABA priming. The application of GABA significantly activated antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, to reduce oxidative damage to cells under acid-Al stress. Metabolomics analysis demonstrated that the GABA pretreatment significantly induced the accumulation of many metabolites such as quinic acid, pyruvic acid, shikimic acid, glycine, threonine, erythrose, glucose-6-phosphate, galactose, kestose, threitol, ribitol, glycerol, putrescine, galactinol, and myo-inositol associated with osmotic, antioxidant, and metabolic homeostases under acid-Al stress. In addition, the GABA priming significantly up-regulated genes related to the transportation of malic acid and citric acid in leaves in response to acid-Al stress. Current findings indicated GABA-induced tolerance to acid-Al stress in relation to scavenging of reactive oxygen species, osmotic adjustment, and accumulation and transport of organic metabolites in leaves. Exogenous GABA priming could improve the phytoremediation potential of perennial creeping bentgrass for the restoration of Al-contaminated soils.
铝（Al）毒性是酸性土壤中植物生长和作物生产的主要限制因素。本研究旨在探讨γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）引发对匍匐翦股颖（）缓解酸-铝毒性的影响，以及与植物生长、光合参数、抗氧化防御、关键代谢物和与有机酸代谢相关的基因变化有关。37 天大的植株用或不用 0.5 mM GABA 引发三天，然后用酸-铝胁迫（5 mmol/L AlCl·6HO，pH 4.35）处理十五天。结果表明，酸-铝胁迫显著增加了 Al 的积累，也限制了地上和地下生长、光合作用、光化学效率和渗透平衡，GABA 引发可以有效缓解。GABA 的应用显著激活了抗氧化酶，包括超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶，以减少细胞在酸-铝胁迫下的氧化损伤。代谢组学分析表明，GABA 预处理显著诱导了许多代谢物的积累，如奎尼酸、丙酮酸、莽草酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、赤藓糖、葡萄糖-6-磷酸、半乳糖、棉子糖、苏糖醇、阿拉伯糖醇、甘油、腐胺、半乳糖醇和肌醇，这些代谢物与渗透、抗氧化和代谢稳态有关在酸-铝胁迫下。此外，GABA 引发显著上调了叶片中与苹果酸和柠檬酸运输有关的基因，以应对酸-铝胁迫。目前的研究结果表明，GABA 诱导的耐酸-铝胁迫与活性氧的清除、渗透调节以及叶片中有机代谢物的积累和运输有关。外源 GABA 引发可以提高多年生匍匐翦股颖修复 Al 污染土壤的植物修复潜力。
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