Gaid Mariam, Pöpke Doreen, Reinhard Anne, Berzhanova Ramza, Mukasheva Togzhan, Urich Tim, Mikolasch Annett
Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Microorganisms. 2023 Aug 30;11(9):2195. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092195.
For decades, researchers have focused on containing terrestrial oil pollution. The heterogeneity of soils, with immense microbial diversity, inspires them to transform pollutants and find cost-effective bioremediation methods. In this study, the mycoremediation potentials of five filamentous fungi isolated from polluted soils in Kazakhstan were investigated for their degradability of -alkanes and branched-chain alkanes as sole carbon and energy sources. Dry weight estimation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) monitored the growth and the changes in the metabolic profile during degradation, respectively. SBUG-M1741 and SBUG-M1742 oxidized medium-chain alkanes almost completely through mono- and di-terminal degradation. Pristane degradation by SBUG-M1741 was >95%, while its degradation with SBUG-M1751 was >90%. SBUG-M1751 also exhibited the visible degradation potential of tetradecane and phytane, whereby in the transformation of phytane, both the mono- and di-terminal degradation pathways as well as α- and ß-oxidation steps could be described. SBUG-M1749 used both mono- and di-terminal degradation pathways for -alkanes, but with poor growth. Degradation of pristane by SBUG-M1747 followed the di-terminal oxidation mechanism, resulting in one dicarboxylic acid. These findings highlight the role of filamentous fungi in containing oil pollution and suggest possible degradation pathways.
几十年来，研究人员一直专注于控制陆地石油污染。土壤的异质性以及丰富的微生物多样性促使他们致力于污染物转化并寻找具有成本效益的生物修复方法。在本研究中，对从哈萨克斯坦受污染土壤中分离出的五种丝状真菌进行了菌根修复潜力研究，考察它们将直链烷烃和支链烷烃作为唯一碳源和能源的降解能力。干重估算和气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分别监测了降解过程中的生长情况和代谢谱变化。SBUG - M1741和SBUG - M1742通过单端和双端降解几乎完全氧化了中链烷烃。SBUG - M1741对姥鲛烷的降解率>95%，而其与SBUG - M1751共同作用时对姥鲛烷的降解率>90%。SBUG - M1751还表现出对十四烷和植烷的明显降解潜力，在植烷的转化过程中，可以描述单端和双端降解途径以及α - 和β - 氧化步骤。SBUG - M1749对直链烷烃同时使用单端和双端降解途径，但生长较差。SBUG - M1747对姥鲛烷的降解遵循双端氧化机制，产生一种二羧酸。这些发现突出了丝状真菌在控制石油污染中的作用，并提出了可能的降解途径。
