Suresh Sarika, Saldanha Joylin, Bhaskar Shetty Ashwini, Premanath Ramya, Akhila D S, Mohan Raj Juliet Roshini
Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Paneer Campus, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Derelakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India.
Microorganisms. 2023 Sep 4;11(9):2230. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092230.
The persistence of organisms as biofilms and the increase in antimicrobial resistance has raised the need for alternative strategies. The study objective was to compare the ability of isolated bacteriophages to remove in vitro biofilms formed by isolated from the environment with those isolated from diabetic and non-diabetic wounds. were isolated from clinical and environmental sites, and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested. Bacteriophages were isolated and characterized based on plaque morphology and host range. A reduction in the viable count assayed the lytic ability of candidate phages. The crystal violet method was used to determine the residual biofilm after 24 h of phage treatment on 72-h-old biofilms. The statistical significance of phage treatment was tested by one-way ANOVA. Of 35 clinical isolates, 17 showed resistance to 1 antibiotic at least, and 7 were multidrug resistant. Nineteen environmental isolates and 11 clinical isolates were drug-sensitive. Nine phages showed 91.2% host coverage, including multidrug-resistant isolates. Phages eradicated 85% of biofilms formed by environmental isolates compared to 58% of biofilms of diabetic isolates and 56% of biofilms of non-diabetic isolates. Clinical isolates are susceptible to phage infection in planktonic form. Biofilms of isolated from diabetic wounds and non-diabetic wounds resist removal by phages compared to biofilms formed by environmental isolates. All phages were efficient in dispersing PAO1 biofilms. However, there was a significant difference in their ability to disperse PAO1 biofilms across the different surfaces tested. Partial eradication of biofilm by phages can aid in complementing antibiotics that are unable to penetrate biofilms in a clinical set-up.
微生物以生物膜形式持续存在以及抗菌耐药性的增加，使得人们需要 alternative strategies。本研究的目的是比较从环境中分离出的噬菌体与从糖尿病和非糖尿病伤口分离出的噬菌体在体外去除生物膜的能力。噬菌体从临床和环境样本中分离出来，并进行了药敏试验。根据噬菌斑形态和宿主范围对噬菌体进行分离和鉴定。通过活菌计数的减少来测定候选噬菌体的裂解能力。采用结晶紫法测定噬菌体处理72小时龄生物膜24小时后的残余生物膜。通过单因素方差分析检验噬菌体处理的统计学意义。在35株临床分离株中，17株至少对1种抗生素耐药，7株为多重耐药。19株环境分离株和11株临床分离株对药物敏感。9株噬菌体显示出91.2%的宿主覆盖率，包括多重耐药分离株。与糖尿病分离株生物膜的58%和非糖尿病分离株生物膜的56%相比，噬菌体清除了85%的环境分离株形成的生物膜。临床分离株在浮游形式下易受噬菌体感染。与环境分离株形成的生物膜相比，从糖尿病伤口和非糖尿病伤口分离出的生物膜对噬菌体的清除具有抗性。所有噬菌体在分散PAO1生物膜方面都很有效。然而，它们在不同测试表面上分散PAO1生物膜的能力存在显著差异。噬菌体对生物膜的部分清除有助于补充在临床环境中无法穿透生物膜的抗生素。
