巴基斯坦前列腺癌的患病率：一项系统评价与荟萃分析。

The prevalence of prostate cancer in Pakistan: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

作者信息

Akhtar Sohail, Hassan Fazal, Ahmad Sadique, El-Affendi Mohammed A, Khan Muhammad Imran

机构信息

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.

EIAS: Data Science and Blockchain Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2023 Sep 20;9(10):e20350. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20350. eCollection 2023 Oct.

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20350

PMID:37767511

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10520826/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Prostate cancer is a significant public health issue, ranking as the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. In Pakistan, the prevalence of prostate cancer varies significantly across published articles. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of prostate cancer and its associated risk factors in Pakistan.

METHODS

MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Google Scholar, and local databases were searched from inception until March 2023, using key search terms related to the prevalence of prostate cancer. We considered a random-effects meta-analysis to derive the pooled prevalence and relative risks with 95% CIs. Two investigators independently screened articles and performed data extraction and risk of bias analysis. We also conducted meta-regression analysis and stratification to investigate heterogeneity. This study protocol was registered at PROSPERO, number CRD42022376061.

RESULTS

Our meta-analysis incorporated 11 articles with a total sample size of 184,384. The overall pooled prevalence of prostate cancer was 5.20% (95% CI: 3.72-6.90%), with substantial heterogeneity among estimates (I = 98.5%). The 95% prediction interval of prostate cancer was ranged from 1.74%-10.35%. Subgroup meta-analysis revealed that the highest pooled prevalence of prostate cancer was in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (8.29%; 95% CI: 6.13-10.74%, n = 1), followed by Punjab (8.09%; 95% CI:7.36-8.86%, n = 3), while the lowest was found in Sindh (3.30%; 95% CI: 2.37-4.38%, n = 5). From 2000 to 2010 to 2011-2023, the prevalence of prostate cancer increased significantly from 3.88% (95% CI: 2.72-5.23%) to 5.80% (95% CI: 3.76-8.24%).

CONCLUSIONS

Our meta-analysis provides essential insights into the prevalence of prostate cancer in Pakistan, highlighting the need for continued research and interventions to address this pressing health issue.

摘要

背景

前列腺癌是一个重大的公共卫生问题，是男性中第二常见的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第五大主要原因。在巴基斯坦，不同发表文章中前列腺癌的患病率差异显著。本研究旨在确定巴基斯坦前列腺癌的合并患病率及其相关危险因素。

方法

从数据库创建至2023年3月，检索了MEDLINE（通过PubMed）、科学网、谷歌学术和当地数据库，使用了与前列腺癌患病率相关的关键检索词。我们采用随机效应荟萃分析来得出合并患病率和95%置信区间的相对风险。两名研究人员独立筛选文章并进行数据提取和偏倚风险分析。我们还进行了荟萃回归分析和分层分析以调查异质性。本研究方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）注册，注册号为CRD42022376061。

结果

我们的荟萃分析纳入了11篇文章，总样本量为184,384。前列腺癌的总体合并患病率为5.20%（95%置信区间：3.72 - 6.90%），各估计值之间存在显著异质性（I² = 98.5%）。前列腺癌的95%预测区间为1.74% - 10.35%。亚组荟萃分析显示，前列腺癌合并患病率最高的是开伯尔 - 普赫图赫瓦省（8.29%；95%置信区间：6.13 - 10.74%，n = 1），其次是旁遮普省（8.09%；95%置信区间：7.36 - 8.86%，n = 3），而最低的是信德省（3.30%；95%置信区间：2.37 - 4.38%，n = 5）。从2000年至2010年到2011年至2023年，前列腺癌的患病率从3.88%（95%置信区间：2.72 - 5.23%）显著增加到5.80%（95%置信区间：3.76 - 8.24%）。