School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Research Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Science, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
Exp Physiol. 2023 Dec;108(12):1490-1499. doi: 10.1113/EP091399. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of compression garments on recovery from unaccustomed damaging exercise and subsequent protective adaptations? What is the main finding and its importance? Compression did not influence recovery, but was associated with blunted protective adaptations for isokinetic performance, which were completely absent at high velocities. Based on these findings, the use of compression garments for recovery would not be recommended following unaccustomed exercise, particularly if the maintenance of high-velocity performance following exercise-induced muscle damage is desirable.
Whilst compression garments (CG) may enhance recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), many recovery strategies can attenuate adaptative responses. Therefore, the effects of CG on recovery from EIMD, and the rapid protective adaptations known as the repeated bout effect (RBE) were investigated. Thirty-four non-resistance-trained males (18-45 years) randomly received class II medical-grade CG or placebo for 72 h following eccentrically-focused lower-body exercise, in a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Indices of EIMD were assessed at baseline, 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post-exercise, before exercise and testing were repeated after 14 days. Results were analysed using a three-way (time × condition × bout) linear mixed-effects model. Exercise impaired isometric and isokinetic strength, with soreness and thigh circumference elevated for 72 h (P < 0.001). Compression did not enhance recovery (P > 0.05), despite small to moderate effect sizes (ES, reported alongside 90% confidence intervals) for isokinetic strength (ES from 0.2 [-0.41, 0.82] to 0.65 [0.03, 1.28]). All variables recovered faster after the repeated bout (P < 0.005). However, RBE for peak isokinetic force was impaired in CG at 60° s (group × bout interaction: χ = 4.24, P = 0.0395; ES = -0.56 [-1.18, 0.07]) and completely absent at 120° s (χ = 16.2, P < 0.001, ES = -0.96 [-1.61, -0.32]) and 180° s (χ = 10.4, P = 0.001, ES = -0.72 [-1.35, -0.09]). Compression blunted RBE at higher isokinetic velocities without improving recovery in non-resistance-trained males, potentially contraindicating their use following unaccustomed exercise in this population.
这项研究的核心问题是什么？压缩服装对不习惯的损伤性运动后的恢复和随后的保护适应性有什么影响？主要发现及其重要性是什么？压缩并没有影响恢复，但与等速性能的保护适应性迟钝有关，在高速度下完全不存在。基于这些发现，不建议在不习惯的运动后使用压缩服装进行恢复，特别是如果在运动引起的肌肉损伤后保持高速度性能是可取的。
虽然压缩服装（CG）可能有助于从运动引起的肌肉损伤（EIMD）中恢复，但许多恢复策略会减弱适应性反应。因此，研究了 CG 对 EIMD 恢复的影响，以及称为重复回合效应（RBE）的快速保护适应性。34 名未经抗阻训练的男性（18-45 岁）在一项双盲、随机对照试验中，随机接受 II 类医用级 CG 或安慰剂，在下半身偏心聚焦运动后 72 小时内使用。在运动前和 14 天后重复进行运动和测试，评估 EIMD 的指标。结果采用三向（时间×条件×回合）线性混合效应模型进行分析。运动使等长和等速力量受损，疼痛和大腿围度在 72 小时内升高（P<0.001）。尽管等速力量的中等至小效应大小（ES，报告 90%置信区间）（ES 从 0.2[-0.41，0.82]到 0.65[0.03，1.28]）较小，但压缩并没有增强恢复（P>0.05）。重复回合后，所有变量的恢复速度都更快（P<0.005）。然而，在 CG 中，RBE 对 60°s 的峰值等速力量受损（组×回合交互：χ=4.24，P=0.0395；ES=-0.56[-1.18，0.07]），在 120°s（χ=16.2，P<0.001，ES=-0.96[-1.61，-0.32]）和 180°s（χ=10.4，P=0.001，ES=-0.72[-1.35，-0.09]）完全不存在。在未经抗阻训练的男性中，压缩服装在较高的等速速度下削弱了 RBE，而没有改善恢复，这可能表明在该人群中不习惯运动后不适合使用。
