Department of Psychology, DePaul University.
Department of Social Sciences and Psychology, Penn State Harrisburg.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2024 Feb;92(2):61-74. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000849. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Suicide rates among African American adolescents have increased exponentially in recent years. The socioecological stressors that can increase suicide risk for African American adolescents, in conjunction with unique suicide risk manifestations within this group, require culturally sensitive preventive interventions. This study examines the efficacy of the Adapted-Coping With Stress course (A-CWS), a culturally tailored preventive intervention, to reduce suicidal ideation in African American adolescents, utilizing a randomized controlled design.
Participants included 410 ninth-grade students in a large Midwestern city; most students identified as Black/African American. Participants were randomly assigned to either the A-CWS intervention or standard care control condition. All participants were assessed at baseline, immediately postintervention, and 6 and 12 months postintervention.
Treatment effects were examined using latent growth models comparing suicidal ideation trajectories in control and intervention conditions. Analyses were conducted using both intention-to-treat and treatment-as-received samples (i.e., intervention condition participants who attended at least 80% of sessions). In both intention-to-treat and treatment-as-received analyses, there was a significant treatment effect: Individuals in the A-CWS intervention condition with higher baseline ideation evidenced a superior reduction in suicidal ideation over the course of the study, relative to their counterparts in the standard care control condition.
Findings indicate that the A-CWS preventive intervention is efficacious in reducing suicidal ideation among African American adolescents with higher levels of baseline suicidal ideation and that effects sustain over time, with the strongest effect evidenced 12 months postintervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
近年来，非裔美国青少年的自杀率呈指数级增长。社会生态压力源会增加非裔美国青少年的自杀风险，再加上该群体独特的自杀风险表现，这需要文化敏感的预防干预措施。本研究采用随机对照设计，考察了经过改编的应对压力课程（A-CWS）——一种文化适应性预防干预措施——对减少非裔美国青少年自杀意念的效果。
参与者包括中西部大城市一所大型高中的 410 名 9 年级学生；大多数学生为黑人/非裔美国人。参与者被随机分配到 A-CWS 干预组或标准护理对照组。所有参与者均在基线、干预后即刻以及干预后 6 个月和 12 个月进行评估。
采用潜增长模型比较对照组和干预组的自杀意念轨迹，来检验治疗效果。分析采用意向治疗和实际治疗（即，参加至少 80%课程的干预组参与者）两种样本进行。在意向治疗和实际治疗分析中，均存在显著的治疗效果：基线意念较强的 A-CWS 干预组个体在研究过程中自杀意念的减少程度优于标准护理对照组。
研究结果表明，A-CWS 预防干预措施对于降低基线自杀意念较高的非裔美国青少年的自杀意念是有效的，并且效果持续时间较长，在干预后 12 个月时效果最强。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2024 APA，保留所有权利）。
