Department of Public Health, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA.
Int J Public Health. 2019 Mar;64(2):285-292. doi: 10.1007/s00038-019-01201-8. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
The aim of this study was to identify whether suicidal ideation in low-income adolescents is influenced by social environment and social support.
We performed a growth curve model using a sample of 6687 low-income adolescents living in the Mobile, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The outcome for the present study was whether the participant had thought about suicide in the past 12 months.
From 1998 to 2011, an average of 14.3% of the study participants indicated that they had considered killing themselves in the past 12 months on an annual basis (11.2-17.6%). Accounting for confounding factors, positive peer support, inevitability of violence, and having moved in the past year resulted in an increased risk, though the effect of inevitability of violence decreased over time. Meanwhile, elevated perceptions of contextual safety and increased parental warmth resulted in reduced risk. These findings suggest that social support and social context are important indicators of suicidal ideation in adolescents.
Suicidal ideation is an important predictor of suicidal behavior. If suicidal ideation can be prevented, or predicted, then it is possible that suicidal behavior can be reduced.
本研究旨在确定社会环境和社会支持是否会影响低收入青少年的自杀意念。
我们使用生活在阿拉巴马州莫比尔都会统计区的 6687 名低收入青少年样本进行了增长曲线模型分析。本研究的结果是参与者在过去 12 个月内是否有过自杀念头。
1998 年至 2011 年期间，每年平均有 14.3%的研究参与者表示在过去 12 个月内曾考虑过自杀（11.2-17.6%）。考虑到混杂因素，积极的同伴支持、暴力的必然性以及过去一年中的搬迁会增加风险，但暴力的必然性的影响随着时间的推移而减弱。与此同时，增加对环境安全的感知和增加父母的温暖会降低风险。这些发现表明，社会支持和社会环境是青少年自杀意念的重要指标。
自杀意念是自杀行为的重要预测指标。如果可以预防或预测自杀意念，那么就有可能减少自杀行为。
