Germar Markus, Albrecht Thorsten, Mojzisch Andreas
Institut fur Psychologie, University of Hildesheim.
Georg-Elias-Muller-Institut fur Psychologie, University of Gottingen.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2023 Nov;49(11):1460-1466. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001156. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Dating back to the seminal studies of Sherif (1935), there is robust evidence that social norm learning is able to shape perceptual decision making in a persistent manner. But what mechanisms underlie this effect? Here, we propose the new attentional alignment hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, norm learning alters feature-based visual attention. In particular, we hypothesize that norm learning increases visual attention toward norm-congruent relative to norm-incongruent stimulus features. Using steady-state visual evoked potentials, our results show for the first time that norm learning can persistently alter early attentional processes in the visual cortex. As predicted by the attentional alignment hypothesis, individuals' feature-based attention was tuned toward norm-congruent and away from norm-incongruent features. This bias persisted even when norm information was no longer available. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
追溯到谢里夫（1935年）的开创性研究，有充分的证据表明社会规范学习能够以一种持久的方式塑造感知决策。但这种效应背后的机制是什么呢？在这里，我们提出了新的注意力对齐假说。根据这一假说，规范学习会改变基于特征的视觉注意力。具体而言，我们假设规范学习会增加对与规范一致的刺激特征相对于与规范不一致的刺激特征的视觉注意力。使用稳态视觉诱发电位，我们的结果首次表明规范学习可以持续改变视觉皮层中的早期注意力过程。正如注意力对齐假说所预测的那样，个体基于特征的注意力被调整为朝向与规范一致的特征，并远离与规范不一致的特征。即使规范信息不再可用，这种偏差仍然存在。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
