M'Buyamba-Kabangu J R, Fagard R, Lijnen P, Mbuy wa Mbuy R, Staessen J, Amery A
Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Dec;124(6):957-68. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114485.
The 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium and their relationship to arterial blood pressure were investigated from December 1983 to May 1984 in a 10% random sample (n = 666) of urban Bantu of Kinshasa, Zaïre. In youths aged 10-19 years, blood pressure averaged 109/60 mmHg, and the 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium averaged 84 mmol, 30 mmol, 483 mumol, and 2 mmol, respectively. After adjustment for age and body weight, a weak positive association became apparent between diastolic pressure and the urinary sodium to potassium ratio in girls and all youths. In adults aged greater than or equal to 20 years, blood pressure averaged 124/72 mmHg, and the 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium averaged 87 mmol, 33 mmol, 828 mumol, and 1.88 mmol, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age, body weight, and pulse rate in all adults, systolic pressure was significantly and positively correlated with urinary sodium excretion and negatively correlated with urinary potassium excretion, while diastolic pressure was weakly associated with urinary calcium excretion. In women, an independent and significant association was also observed between systolic pressure and 24-hour urinary sodium. When instead of the 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, the sodium to potassium ratio was considered as an independent variable in multiple regression analysis, both systolic and diastolic pressure were independently and positively related to the sodium to potassium ratio in all adults. These results indicate that in this urban Bantu population, age and body weight are the major predictors of systolic pressure in youths and the major predictors of both systolic and diastolic pressure in adults. The sodium to potassium ratio did contribute to the prediction of blood pressure in girls and when, in youths as well as in adults, both sexes were considered together. Urinary calcium was associated with diastolic pressure only in all adults.
1983年12月至1984年5月，在扎伊尔金沙萨城市班图族10%的随机样本（n = 666）中，对钠、钾、钙和镁的24小时尿排泄量及其与动脉血压的关系进行了研究。在10至19岁的青少年中，血压平均为109/60 mmHg，钠、钾、钙和镁的24小时尿排泄量分别平均为84 mmol、30 mmol、483 μmol和2 mmol。在对年龄和体重进行调整后，女孩和所有青少年的舒张压与尿钠钾比之间出现了微弱的正相关。在年龄大于或等于20岁的成年人中，血压平均为124/72 mmHg，钠、钾、钙和镁的24小时尿排泄量分别平均为87 mmol、33 mmol、828 μmol和1.88 mmol。在对所有成年人的性别、年龄、体重和脉搏率进行调整后，收缩压与尿钠排泄量显著正相关，与尿钾排泄量负相关，而舒张压与尿钙排泄量微弱相关。在女性中，收缩压与24小时尿钠之间也观察到独立且显著的关联。当在多元回归分析中，将钠钾比而非钠和钾的24小时尿排泄量作为自变量时，所有成年人的收缩压和舒张压均与钠钾比独立且正相关。这些结果表明，在这个城市班图族人群中，年龄和体重是青少年收缩压的主要预测因素，也是成年人收缩压和舒张压的主要预测因素。钠钾比确实有助于预测女孩的血压，并且在青少年和成年人中，当将两性一起考虑时也是如此。尿钙仅在所有成年人中与舒张压相关。
