Department of General Surgery, Jinhu County People's Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China.
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023 Aug;19(2):2256904. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2256904. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Monoclonal antibody-based targeted therapies have greatly improved treatment options for patients by binding to the innate immune system. However, the long-term efficacy of such antibodies is limited by mechanisms of drug resistance. Over the last 50 years, with advances in protein engineering technology, more and more bispecific antibody (bsAb) platforms have been engineered to meet diverse clinical needs. Bispecific NK cell engagers (BiKEs) or tri-specific NK cell engagers (TriKEs) allow for direct targeting of immune cells to tumors, and therefore resistance and serious adverse effects are greatly reduced. Many preclinical and clinical trials are currently underway, depicting the promise of antibody-based natural killer cell engager therapeutics. In this review, we compile worldwide efforts to explore the involvement of NK cells in bispecific antibodies. With a particular emphasis on lessons learned, we focus on preclinical and clinical studies in malignancies and discuss the reasons for the limited success of NK-cell engagers against solid tumors, offering plausible new ideas for curing some advanced cancers shortly.
基于单克隆抗体的靶向治疗通过与先天免疫系统结合,极大地改善了患者的治疗选择。然而,这些抗体的长期疗效受到耐药机制的限制。在过去的 50 年中,随着蛋白质工程技术的进步,越来越多的双特异性抗体(bsAb)平台被设计用于满足不同的临床需求。双特异性自然杀伤细胞衔接器(BiKEs)或三特异性自然杀伤细胞衔接器(TriKEs)允许直接将免疫细胞靶向肿瘤,因此大大降低了耐药性和严重的不良反应。目前正在进行许多临床前和临床试验,描绘了基于抗体的自然杀伤细胞衔接器治疗的前景。在这篇综述中,我们汇编了全球范围内探索 NK 细胞在双特异性抗体中的作用的努力。特别强调经验教训,我们关注恶性肿瘤的临床前和临床研究,并讨论 NK 细胞衔接器对实体瘤疗效有限的原因,为治疗某些晚期癌症提供了一些合理的新思路。
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