Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14504. doi: 10.1111/sms.14504. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Most of the evidence on physical activity for maintaining a healthy weight in adolescents is based solely on aerobic physical activity alone, with little attention given to the muscle strength component. This study aimed to investigate the associations between aerobic activities and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) and overweight/obesity among a representative sample of adolescents. Data from the United States-based Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System for the 2011-2019 cycle were used in this cross-sectional study. Adolescents self-reported their adherence to aerobic and MSA guidelines, as well as their height and weight. Overweight and obesity were defined using the age- and sex-specific criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥85th and ≥95th percentiles, respectively. We examined the associations between adherence to physical activity guidelines (reference: not meeting either of the physical activity guidelines) and overweight/obesity or obesity using binary logistic regressions. These analyses were adjusted for race/ethnicity, sex, age, screen time, sleep duration, tobacco, alcohol, fruit, vegetables, and soda consumption. A total of 42 829 adolescents (48.98% girls) were included in the study. Of these, 22.23% met both guidelines for physical activity, 30.47% had overweight/obesity, and 14.51% had obesity. Compared with meeting neither guideline, meeting both aerobic and MSA guidelines was associated with lower odds of having overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60 to 0.68) and obesity (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.56). These results were consistent across years of assessment, sex, and race/ethnicity. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of MSA, which is often overlooked in physical activity recommendations in many studies, in combating childhood obesity in the United States.
大多数关于青少年保持健康体重的体力活动证据仅基于有氧运动，而很少关注肌肉力量部分。本研究旨在调查有氧运动和肌肉强化活动（MSA）与超重/肥胖之间的关联，研究对象为具有代表性的青少年样本。本横断面研究使用了基于美国的青少年风险行为监测系统在 2011-2019 年周期的数据。青少年自我报告他们对有氧运动和 MSA 指南的遵守情况，以及他们的身高和体重。超重和肥胖使用疾病控制和预防中心的年龄和性别特异性标准定义，身体质量指数（BMI）≥第 85 百分位和≥第 95 百分位分别表示超重和肥胖。我们使用二元逻辑回归检查了遵守体力活动指南（参考：不符合体力活动指南中的任何一项）与超重/肥胖或肥胖之间的关联。这些分析调整了种族/民族、性别、年龄、屏幕时间、睡眠时间、烟草、酒精、水果、蔬菜和苏打水的消费。共有 42829 名青少年（48.98%为女孩）纳入研究。其中，22.23%符合体力活动的两项指南，30.47%超重/肥胖，14.51%肥胖。与不符合任何一项指南相比，同时符合有氧运动和 MSA 指南与超重/肥胖的几率较低相关（比值比 [OR] = 0.64，95%置信区间 [CI]，0.60 至 0.68）和肥胖（OR = 0.52，95%CI 0.48 至 0.56）。这些结果在评估年度、性别和种族/民族方面是一致的。总之，我们的结果强调了 MSA 的重要性，这在许多研究中经常被忽视，是美国对抗儿童肥胖的关键。
