Mankikian B, Cantineau J P, Sartene R, Clergue F, Viars P
Anesthesiology. 1986 Nov;65(5):492-9. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198611000-00007.
The effects of anesthetic doses of ketamine (iv bolus of 3 mg X kg-1 followed by a continuous infusion of 20 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) on functional residual capacity (FRC) measured by the helium dilution method and on the breathing pattern recorded by a noninvasive method (NIM) based on chest wall circumference changes were studied in 14 ASA P.S. I patients. Ketamine anesthesia was associated with: 1) the maintenance of FRC, minute ventilation, and tidal volume; 2) an increase in rib cage contribution to tidal breathing; and 3) an alteration of volume-motion relationships of the chest wall compartments. It is concluded that: 1) in contrast to volatile anesthetic agents, ketamine anesthesia has a sparing effect on intercostal muscle activity, which may explain the maintenance of FRC; and 2) changes in chest wall geometry and compliance induced by anesthetic agents must be taken into account for NIM to be valid.
在14例美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级为I级的患者中，研究了麻醉剂量的氯胺酮（静脉推注3mg/kg，随后持续输注20μg/kg·min）对采用氦稀释法测量的功能残气量（FRC）以及基于胸壁周长变化的无创方法（NIM）记录的呼吸模式的影响。氯胺酮麻醉与以下情况相关：1）FRC、分钟通气量和潮气量得以维持；2）胸廓对潮式呼吸的贡献增加；3）胸壁各腔室的容积-运动关系发生改变。得出以下结论：1）与挥发性麻醉剂不同，氯胺酮麻醉对肋间肌活动有保护作用，这可能解释了FRC得以维持的原因；2）为使NIM有效，必须考虑麻醉剂引起的胸壁几何形状和顺应性的变化。
