Fernandes Andreia da Silva, de Oliveira Carine Gonçalves, Evangelista Heitor, Sulamita D S Maria, Araujo-Lima Carlos Fernando, Felzenszwalb Israel
Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Plant Biology Department, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Mutagenesis. 2024 Feb 8;39(1):56-68. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gead028.
Several bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, demonstrate low toxicity and prominent effects on cancer cells with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Such compounds can be found in Amazon mosses Leucobryum martianum (Hornsch.) Hampe ex Müll. Hal. (Hornsch.) and Leucobryum laevifolium (Broth). Antimutagenic assay with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and cytotoxicity with different eukaryotic cell lines were carried out to screen aqueous, hydroalcoholic, and ethanolic extracts of those Amazon mosses for anticancer potential. The results indicate the capacity of all extracts of both mosses to exert chemopreventive effects against 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4NQO) and 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA), which are direct or indirect mutagens. In particular, the ethanolic and aqueous extract from L. martianum. The ethanolic extract from L. martianum induces significant cytotoxicity by mitochondrial metabolism and cell membrane disruption pathways to tumor or non-tumor cells. The aqueous extract from L. martianum showed a mainly cytotoxic response in the HepG2 cells, a human liver carcinoma, reaching ~90% cytotoxicity. The same extract did not induce significant damage to normal liver cells (F C3H cells) by membrane interaction pathway. The selective cytotoxicity in the aqueous extract of L. martianum makes it a candidate against liver cancer. Further studies, including in vivo models, are necessary to validate the efficacy and safety of the aqueous extract of L. martianum.
几种生物活性化合物，如多酚，显示出低毒性，并对癌细胞具有显著作用，具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性。此类化合物可在亚马逊苔藓白藓（Leucobryum martianum (Hornsch.) Hampe ex Müll. Hal. (Hornsch.)）和光叶白藓（Leucobryum laevifolium (Broth)）中找到。利用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌进行抗诱变试验，并对不同真核细胞系进行细胞毒性试验，以筛选这些亚马逊苔藓的水提取物、水醇提取物和乙醇提取物的抗癌潜力。结果表明，两种苔藓的所有提取物均具有对4-硝基喹啉-N-氧化物（4NQO）和2-氨基蒽（2-AA）发挥化学预防作用的能力，这两种物质均为直接或间接诱变剂。特别是，白藓的乙醇提取物和水提取物。白藓的乙醇提取物通过线粒体代谢和细胞膜破坏途径对肿瘤或非肿瘤细胞诱导显著的细胞毒性。白藓的水提取物在人肝癌细胞系HepG2中主要表现出细胞毒性反应，细胞毒性达到约90%。相同的提取物通过膜相互作用途径对正常肝细胞（F C3H细胞）未诱导显著损伤。白藓水提取物中的选择性细胞毒性使其成为一种抗肝癌的候选物。需要进一步的研究，包括体内模型，以验证白藓水提取物的有效性和安全性。
