Carter G K, Martens R J, Brown S A, Martin M T
Am J Vet Res. 1986 Oct;47(10):2126-9.
Pharmacokinetic values of sodium amoxicillin (22 mg/kg of body weight) in foals were determined after a single IM injection in 6 Quarter Horse foals at 3, 10, and 30 days of age. Serum amoxicillin concentrations were measured serially over a 24-hour period. The absorption of amoxicillin was rapid and followed a 1st-order elimination. Mean peak serum concentrations occurred 30 minutes after the injection in foals at all ages and were 17.31 +/- 9.59 micrograms/ml when the foals were 3 days old, 23.28 +/- 9.86 micrograms/ml when the foals were 10 days old, and 21.35 +/- 6.39 micrograms/ml when the foals were 30 days old. Serum samples collected beyond 8 hours after administration contained amoxicillin concentrations less than 0.05 micrograms/ml. The elimination rate constant increased with increasing age (0.5265 +/- 0.0891 hour-1 when the foals were 3 days old, 0.6494 +/- 0.1114 hour-1 when the foals were 10 days old, and 0.7112 +/- 0.1016 hour-1 when the foals were 30 days old). Serum clearance increased with increasing age (498.4 +/- 82.6 ml/hr/kg at 3 days, 631.6 +/- 170.5 ml/hr/kg at 10 days, and 691.2 +/- 127.3 ml/hr/kg at 30 days). Serum half-life decreased with increasing age (1.34 +/-0.243 hour at 3 days, 1.10 +/- 0.239 hour at 10 days, and 0.991 +/- 0.139 hour at 30 days), whereas the extrapolated concentration at time zero and apparent volume of distribution did not change during the first 30 days of age.
对6匹3日龄、10日龄和30日龄的美国夸特马驹单次肌肉注射阿莫西林钠（22毫克/千克体重）后，测定其药代动力学值。在24小时内连续测量血清阿莫西林浓度。阿莫西林吸收迅速，呈一级消除。所有年龄的马驹注射后30分钟出现平均血清峰值浓度，3日龄马驹为17.31±9.59微克/毫升，10日龄马驹为23.28±9.86微克/毫升，30日龄马驹为21.35±6.39微克/毫升。给药8小时后采集的血清样本中阿莫西林浓度低于0.05微克/毫升。消除速率常数随年龄增长而增加（3日龄马驹为0.5265±0.0891小时⁻¹，10日龄马驹为0.6494±0.1114小时⁻¹，30日龄马驹为0.7112±0.1016小时⁻¹）。血清清除率随年龄增长而增加（3日龄时为498.4±82.6毫升/小时/千克，10日龄时为631.6±170.5毫升/小时/千克，30日龄时为691.2±127.3毫升/小时/千克）。血清半衰期随年龄增长而缩短（3日龄时为1.34±0.243小时，10日龄时为1.10±0.239小时，30日龄时为0.991±0.139小时），而零时间外推浓度和表观分布容积在出生后前30天内没有变化。
