Li Yuxuan, Muhammad Riaz, Saba Babar, Xia Hao, Wang Xiangling, Wang JiYuan, Xia Xiaoyang, Cuncang Jiang
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Dec 1;347:119045. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119045. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
In order to explore the alteration of N transformation and NO emissions in acid soil with the co-application of straw and different types of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, an incubation experiment was carried out for 40 days. There are totally five treatments in the study: (a) without straw and N fertilizer (N0), (b) straw alone application (SN0), (c) straw with NHCl (SN1), (d) straw with NaNO (SN2), and (e) straw with NHNO (SN3). NO emissions, soil physicochemical properties, and abundance/activity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were measured. The results showed that the combined application of straw and N enhanced NO emissions, particularly, SN2 and SN3 treatments. Moreover, the soil pH was lower in co-application treatments and the average decreasing rate was 9.69%. Specially, the pH was lowest in the SN1 treatment. The results of correlation analysis indicated a markedly negative relationship between pH and NO, as well as a negative relationship between pH and net mineralization rate. These findings suggest that pH alteration can affect the N transformation process in soil and thus influence NO emissions. In addition, the dominant AOA at the genus level in the SN2 treatment was Nitrosopumilus, and Candidatus nitrosocosmicus in the SN3 treatment. The reshaped AOA structure can serve as additional evidence of the changes in the N transformation process. In conclusion, as the return of straw, the cumulation of NO from arable acid soil depends on the form of N fertilizer. It is also important to consider how N fertilizer is applied to reduce the possibility of N being lost in the soil as gas.
为了探究酸性土壤中秸秆与不同类型氮肥配施时氮转化及一氧化氮（NO）排放的变化，进行了为期40天的培养试验。本研究共有五个处理：（a）不施秸秆和氮肥（N0），（b）单施秸秆（SN0），（c）秸秆与氯化铵配施（SN1），（d）秸秆与硝酸钠配施（SN2），（e）秸秆与硝酸铵配施（SN3）。测定了NO排放、土壤理化性质以及氨氧化古菌（AOA）的丰度/活性。结果表明，秸秆与氮肥配施提高了NO排放，尤其是SN2和SN3处理。此外，配施处理的土壤pH较低，平均降低率为9.69%。特别地，SN1处理的pH最低。相关分析结果表明，pH与NO之间呈显著负相关，且pH与净矿化率之间也呈负相关。这些发现表明，pH变化会影响土壤中的氮转化过程，进而影响NO排放。此外，SN2处理中属水平上的优势AOA为亚硝化侏儒菌属，SN3处理中为硝化宇宙菌属。重塑的AOA结构可作为氮转化过程变化的补充证据。总之，随着秸秆还田，酸性耕地土壤中NO的累积取决于氮肥形态。考虑氮肥的施用方式以降低氮在土壤中以气体形式流失的可能性也很重要。
